Shared Flashcard Set

Details

EES
For midterms
49
Science
9th Grade
11/08/2009

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

atom

Definition

 

 

smallest unit of an element 

Term

 

 

electrons

Definition

 

 

negatively charged subatomic particles

Term

 

 

chemical reactions

Definition

 

involve the formation or breaking of bonds between atoms

Term

 

 

neutrons

Definition

 

subatomic particles with no charge 

Term

 

 

nuclear reactions

Definition

 

involve changes in the nuclei of atoms

Term

 

 

 

protons

Definition

 

subatomic particles with a positive charge

Term

 

 

 

atomic number

Definition

 

the number of protons in an atom

Term

 

 

 

electron cloud

Definition

 

the region surrounding the nucleus where the electrons are located

Term

 

 

 

nucleus

Definition

 

the small, dense center of the atom where the neutrons are located

Term

 

 

 

chemical property

Definition

 

a property that describes how different elements react

Term

 

 

examples of physical properties

Definition

 

density, boiling point, hardness, texture, color, freezing point, melting point

Term

 

 

isotopes

Definition

 

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Term

 

vertical columns in the periodic table

Definition

 

groups or families

 

Term

 

 

periods

Definition

 

 

horizontal rows in the periodic table

Term

 

 

 

families

Definition

 

 

elements with similar properties are arranged into families

Term

 

 

Alkali

Definition

 

the group IA elements

Term

 

periodicity

Definition

 

 

certain properties repeat themselves at regular intervals

Term

 

 

an example on periodicity

Definition

 

 

at the end of every row there is a gas

Term

 

elements within a group have similar properties because of the arrangement of what?

Definition

 

 

electrons

Term

 

 

valence electron

Definition

 

 

the farthest electron away from the nucleus

Term

 

Giga (G) 

Definition

 

billion (1,ooo,ooo,ooo)

Term
Mega (M)
Definition

 

Million (1,ooo,ooo)

Term

 

kilo (k)

Definition

 

thousand (1,ooo)

Term

 

deci (d)

Definition
1/10 or 0.1
Term

 

centi (c)

Definition

 

1/100 or 0.01

Term

 

milli (m)

Definition

 

1/1000 or 0.001

Term

 

micro (µ)

Definition

 

1/1,000,000 or 0.000001

Term

 

nano (n)

Definition

 

1/1,000,000,000 or 0.000000001

 

Term

 

variable

Definition

 

a factor or condition in an experiment that may change

Term

 

Independent variable 

Definition

 

variable controlled by the researcher

Term

 

dependent variable 

Definition

 

the variable that the researcher predicts that may be affected by the independent variable 

Term

 

 

control group

Definition

 

test subjects that do not receive the experimental treatment and are exposed to normal conditions

Term

 

inorganic

Definition

 

compounds that do not contain carbon; includes rocks and metals 

Term

 

organic

Definition

 

living or once living substances; substances containing carbon

Term

 

bedrock

Definition

 

solid rock beneath the soil

Term

 

parent material (parent rock) 

Definition

 

the rock from which the mineral (inorganic) material in the soil formed 

Term

 

biotic factors

Definition

 

characteristics related to living organisms

Term

 

soil horizons

Definition
layers of soil that have different chemical and biological characteristics 
Term

 

detritus

Definition

 

dead and decaying plant and animal material

Term

 

importance of soil

(list 3) 

Definition

-essential for growing food

-essential for plant growth and the oxygen cycle

-provides cotton and linen for clothing

-provides fuel for energy (wood, ethanol (corn), peat)

- stores carbon to help maintain a stable climate

Term

 

climate

Definition
heat, rain ice and wind affect the rates at which parent material is broken down and soil forms
Term

 

organisms

Definition

 

plants, insects, bacteria, fungi are affected by the chemical and physical factors of the soil

Term

 

topography

Definition

 

how the landscape affects the composition of soil

Term

 

physical weathering

Definition

 

the action of heat, cold, ice and friction breaking down rocks without changing the composition

Term

 

chemical weathering

Definition

 

chemical reactions change the composition of the rocks

Term

 

name the soil horizons in order

Definition

o horizon - the organic layer

a horizon - mineral soil mixes with organic matter

e horizon - somtimes found, mostly sand and silt

b horizon - dense layer full of clay

c horizon - loose larger pieces of parent material

Term

 

fusion

Definition

 

a nuclear fusion in which two or more smaller atoms combine to make a bigger atom of a different element 

Supporting users have an ad free experience!