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EDPSY 251 - Marsh - Midterm
Flashcards covering chapters 1-6 of Professor Marsh's EDPSY 251 class
53
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/25/2010

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Term
1960's Adolescent Behaviors
Definition
o Drugs, sex, rock and roll, young adults rebel from parents and authority, riots over peace, racial issues, Vietnam War riots, increase in higher education
Term
Amygdala
Definition
Governs emotions
Term
Assimilation
Definition
incorporation of new info into existing knowledge
Term
Automaticity
Definition
Done something enough that the action becomes automatic
Term
Axon
Definition
carries information away from the cell body to other cells
Term
B.F. Skinner
Definition
Father of behaviorism
Term
Behaviorism
Definition
Consequences for behaviors either discourage or encourage said behavior
Term
Concrete Operational
Definition
better able to use logic, think at higher level
Term
Convergent Thinking
Definition
Only 1 Right Answer
Term
Corpus Collosum
Definition
connects the two hemispheres, allows them to communicate
Term
David Wexler
Definition
created intelligence test, most widely used, Wexler Scales of Intelligence, in addition to IQ score two other IQ scores given: verbal scale and performance scale (nonverbal)
Term
Dendrites
Definition
receiving part of the neuron
Term
Difficult Child
Definition
reacts negatively to many situations and is slow to accept new experiences
Term
Divergent Thinking
Definition
multiple answers, not one right answer
Term
Easy Child
Definition
generally positive mood, quickly establishes regular routines, adapts easily to new experiences
Term
Ego
Definition
balances two, satisfies some desires while remaining socially acceptable, makes conscious decisions
Term
Erikson
Definition
Theory of Psychosocial Development
Development driven by social desires, not sexual desires
Term
Formal Operational
Definition
ability to think abstractly
Term
Freud
Definition
3 parts of personality
Psychosexual Theory
Term
Genotype
Definition
a person's genetic heritage, the actual genetic material
Term
Goodness of Fit
Definition
how well temperament fits in with demands of environment born into
Term
Hostile environment
Definition
occurs when students subjected to unwelcome seuxal conduct that is so severe, persistent, or pervasive that it limits the students' ability to benefit from their education
Term
Id
Definition
basic desires, seeks pleasure
Term
Imaginary Audience
Definition
adolescents feel they are on stage
Term
Information Processing Theory
Definition
o Cognitive theory that includes how information is perceived, stored, manipulated, worked with, and retrieved
Term
Mary's Findings on Sleep
Definition
Melatonin secreted later in adolescence
Adolescence aren't getting the amount of sleep they need
Term
Myelination
Definition
axon becomes covered and insulated with a layer of fat cells, increasing the speed and efficiency of information processing in the nervous system
Term
Personal Fable
Definition
adolescents think they are alone in their feelings
Term
Phenotype
Definition
the way an individual's genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics
Term
Piaget
Definition
Theory of Cognitive Development
4 Stages based on interaction with world
Term
Pre-Operational
Definition
begin to use symbolic thinking, language, words, letters
Term
Prefrontal Cortex
Definition
doesn’t develop until later on, 20’s, source of reason, logical thinking, predicting consequences, control emotions
Term
Pruning
Definition
get rid of connections not used
Term
Psychosocial - Adolescence
Definition
Identity vs. identity/role confusion
Term
Psychosocial - Emerging Adulthood
Definition
Intimacy v. isolation
Term
Psychosocial - Infancy
Definition
Trust v. Mistrust
Term
Quid pro sexual harassment
Definition
school employee threatens to base an education decision on a student's submission to unwelcome sexual conduct
Term
Quid pro sexual harassment
Definition
school employee threatens to base an education decision on a student's submission to unwelcome sexual conduct
Term
Regression
Definition
put bad memories and experiences to back of mind, forget them to protect self, conscious mind takes unacceptable id impulses and pushes them back
Term
Self-Concept
Definition
Opinion of one aspect of oneself
Term
Self-Esteem
Definition
Overall opinion of oneself
Term
Sensorimotor
Definition
infants create view of world through sounds and physical
Term
Sexual Script
Definition
stereotyped pattern of role prescriptions for how individuals should sexually have
Term
Sexual Script
Definition
stereotyped pattern of role prescriptions for how individuals should sexually have
Term
Slow-to-Warm-Up Child
Definition
low activity level, somewhat negative, displays a low intensity of mood
Term
Social Cognitive Theory
Definition
o Observational learning: children learn and develop behaviors by observing and imitating important people in their environment
Term
Stanley Hall
Definition
Storm and stress theory
First to see adolescence as a separate period of life
Term
Superego
Definition
“good angel,” moral code, created by parents, culture, authority
Term
Susan's Research
Definition
#1 Predictor of good self-esteem = physical appearance
Term
Synaptogenesis
Definition
increase in connections between neurons
Term
Temperament
Definition
genetic/hereditary base, overall attitude and behavior
Term
Vygotsky
Definition
Second theory of Cognitive Development
Knowledge is distrubuted among people and their environments, which include objects, artificats, tools, books, and communities.
Knowing can best be advanced through interaction with others
Term
Working Memory
Definition
stores information for brief time so can use it, process, delete some, store some away; workbench of memory
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