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Ecosystems
Vocabulary
24
Biology
9th Grade
01/20/2010

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Term
abiotic
Definition
nonliving
Term
autotroph
Definition
organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
Term
biome
Definition
group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities
Term
biosphere
Definition
part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere
Term
biotic
Definition
living
Term
carnivore
Definition
animal that consumes other animals
Term
commensalism
Definition
type of symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
Term
community
Definition
assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area
Term
consumer
Definition
organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph
Term
decomposer
Definition
organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter
Term
detritivore
Definition
organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter
Term
ecology
Definition
scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment
Term
ecosystem
Definition
collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving environment
Term
food chain
Definition
series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
Term
food web
Definition
network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem
Term
herbivore
Definition
animal that feeds on plants
Term
heterotroph
Definition
organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer
Term
mutualism
Definition
a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
Term
niche
Definition
full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
Term
omnivore
Definition
animal that consumes both plants and animals
Term
parasitism
Definition
a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed
Term
population
Definition
group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
Term
producer
Definition
organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph
Term
symbiosis
Definition
relationship in which two species live closely together
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