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Econ 304
Sample Final!
173
Economics
Undergraduate 3
06/01/2009

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Term
Chiang Kai-Shek
Definition
led the Nationalist Guomindang to power in 1928, ending period of Warlordism
Term
Chiang Kai-Shek
Definition
wrote book which forecast a great future for China if China followed Confucianism
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
pursued egalitarianism and regional self-sufficiency
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
led Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, 1966-1969
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
campaigned against the "Four Olds"
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
supported Stalinism against his contemporary "revisionists" Khrushchev and Tito
Term
Deng Xiaoping
Definition
vilified government assistance, glorified wealth accumulation
Term
Chiang Kai-Shek
Definition
first chief of state of the ROC
Term
Jiang Zemin, then Hu Jintao
Definition
served as chief of state after Deng Xiaoping
Term
Chiang Kai-Shek
Definition
constitutional President of China, one of WWII Allies
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
his Great Leap Forward failed, famine
Term
TVE
Definition
this dynamic form is the unique innovation of the self-proclaimed socialist market economy (add efficiency requirement to socialism)
Term
CCP
Definition
this grew out of the May Fourth Movement of 1919 which protested turning Chinese Territory over to Japan
Term
GPCR
Definition
assaulted traditional culture and social values
Term
GPCR
Definition
organized countryside into large communes
Term
TVE
Definition
rural industrial enterprises owned by local units of government, the towns and villages that formerly comprised the communes and lower level brigades
Term
Legalism
Definition
supported absolute power of the authoritarian State
Term
market socialism
Definition
state-owned firms operating in competitive markets adjusted by a central planner
Term
socialist market economy
Definition
TVE's, reforms, looser rules on private enterprise - CCP declared this the desired economic form
Term
Taoism
Definition
associated with laissez faire, wu wei (no action)
Term
official Confucianism
Definition
opposed commerce, industrialization, and relations with the outside world. Wanted foreign barbarians to kowtow and pay tribute
Term
Analects
Definition
written by Confucius
Term
the "Little Red Book"
Definition
also called Quotations of Chairman Mao
Term
Tao Te Ching (two philosophies)
Definition
written by Lao-tzu
Term
land-to-tiller program
Definition
forced all landlords to sell tenants in exchange for government bonds
Term
Period of Adjustment
Definition
policy shift which resulted in growth in agriculture and industry
Term
Four Modernizations
Definition
agriculture, industry, science and technology, and national defense
Term
Guimindang
Definition
retreated to Taiwan when Mao Zedong came to power on the mainland
Term
Great Leap Forward
Definition
resulted in deceleration of industrial output growth and a catastrophe in agriculture, the worst famine anywhere ever
Term
e. all of the above
Definition
China currently faces problems including which of the following?

a) major energy/environmental crises
b) international criticism of its undervalued currency
c) rising income inequalities
d) continuing re-assimilation of Hong Kong and perhaps, eventually Taiwan
Term
PRC
Definition
the US would like its yuan to float
Term
ROC
Definition
was controlled by Japan from 1895-1945
Term
PRC
Definition
has promised in a joint declaration, "one country, two systems"
Term
ROC
Definition
its EPZ's may be models for PRC's SEZ's
Term
PRC
Definition
this nation is trying to limit its steel exports
Term
PRC
Definition
would like to absorb Taiwan
Term
ROC
Definition
economy that most closely resembles those of Japan and South Korea
Term
Hong Kong
Definition
many small businesses, high savings rate
Term
Hong Kong
Definition
one of the world's most laissez faire economies, even now
Term
PRC
Definition
its Three Gorges Dam project is opposed by the WTO and environmentalists
Term
False
Definition
T/F: The household responsibility system resulted in decreased food output and decline in rural incomes
Term
True
Definition
T/F: The three Chinese religions, like those of Japan, are Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism, the latter originating in India and arriving in China by way of the Silk Road
Term
True
Definition
T/F: A student uprising was violently suppressed in Tiananmen Square in the capital, Beijing (Peking) in 1989
Term
True
Definition
T/F: The Communists are seen by Chinese as the latest dynasty and are subject to a rise and fall cycle associated with previous dynasties
Term
False
Definition
T/F: After the Opium Wars, Great Britain was banished from Hong Kong and lost its right to import opium into China
Term
False
Definition
T/F: Under Mao, China had one of the least equal income distributions ever observed, but Dengist marketization resulted in greater income equality
Term
Kim Il-sung (d. 1994)
Definition
a former leader of the resistance against the Japanese, later a "comrade"
Term
Kim Young-Sam
Definition
first civilian President in three decades (ROK)
Term
Kim Il-sung (d. 1994)
Definition
emulated Mao from 1953 to late 1970's, and then, later skeptical/concerned about Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perostroika, he leaned even more toward Beijing
Term
Kim Il-sung (d. 1994)
Definition
DPRK's first Prime Minister, and later, in 1972, DPRk's first President!
Term
Kim Il-sung (d. 1994)
Definition
under his leadership, the first native-built ballistic missile is test fired into the Sea of Japan
Term
Roh Moo-hyun
Definition
current president of South Korea
Term
Kim Dae-Jung
Definition
the first President of the ROK to meet with a President of the DPRK
Term
Kim Jong-il
Definition
he succeeded his father as President, his nation suffered a drought and starvation, he was forced to appeal for food aid
Term
ROK
Definition
classified as an export-driven "Asian Tiger"
Term
Korea, pre-1876
Definition
pulled inward and ossified after numerous foreign invasions
Term
DPRK
Definition
sought juche as the initial "Hermit Kingdom"
Term
ROK
Definition
Syngman Rhee established a provisional Korean government in exile
Term
Korea, 1876-1910
Definition
At the beginning of this time period, Japan forced Korea into a commercial treaty
Term
DPRK
Definition
lies north of the 38th parallel
Term
ROK
Definition
post WWII, the mostly American United Nations forces were aligned with this
Term
DPRK
Definition
after WWII, the USSR controlled this
Term
DPRK
Definition
Kim Jong-il is the current President here
Term
DPRK
Definition
this claims to have found the tomb of the mythical bear/god founder of Korea
Term
ROK
Definition
US established trusteeship over this, post WWII
Term
Korea, Pre-1876
Definition
Confucianism permeated society, Buddhism entered culture
Term
DPRK
Definition
the current "Hermit Kingdom"
Term
DPRK
Definition
citizens are to worship their leader; practices the "cult of personality"
Term
Korea, 1910-1945
Definition
time period in which Korea is annexed colony of Japan
Term
ROK
Definition
city of Seoul is founded
Term
Korea, 1910-1945
Definition
slavery abolished
Term
Korea, 1910-1945
Definition
Japanese take over fertile land, export rice to Japan, and aim to eliminate Korean culture and language
Term
Korea, 1876-1910
Definition
American Protestant missionaries massively convert Koreans to Christianity
Term
Korea, Pre-1876
Definition
Korea was world's top technology leader
Term
Korea, 1876-1910
Definition
Chosen Kingdom ends at the beginning of this time period
Term
Korea, 1910-1945
Definition
civil law code instituted, modern financial system introduced
Term
DPRK
Definition
its first leader was a Stalinist who branded Khrushchev a revisionist
Term
ROK
Definition
chiefs of state include Rhee, Park, Kim, and Roh
Term
ROK
Definition
its current president won election with a "sunshine policy"
Term
ROK
Definition
highest per capita growth, 1980-1992
Term
DPRK
Definition
despite its orthodox socialist mindset, this refused to join the CMEA
Term
DPRK
Definition
switched allegiance to PRC in 1953, became anti-Sovet, later borrowed from US
Term
ROK
Definition
indicatively planned, termed "guided"
Term
DPRK
Definition
tripled industrial output, 1946-1949
Term
ROK
Definition
Russia and PRC currently recognize this as Korea
Term
ROK
Definition
practices chaebol
Term
DPRK
Definition
gender and income equality for civilians, low standard of living
Term
ROK
Definition
its cartel-like organizations are owned by single families
Term
ROK
Definition
high spending (recall credit cards), low savings rate
Term
ROK
Definition
currently pursues high tech production for exports
Term
ROK
Definition
slow growth rate just post WWII
Term
DPRK
Definition
its capital is P'yongyang
Term
Walter Ulbricht
Definition
his title was General Secretary, his party was the SED
Term
Walter Ulbricht
Definition
he was succeeded by Erich Honecker
Term
Adolf Hitler
Definition
led "national socialist" party, ejected Jewish scientists who later worked on America's Manhattan Project
Term
Walter Ulbricht
Definition
after Hitler seized power, he was jailed and then went into exile in Moscow
Term
Walter Ulbricht
Definition
led East Germany, slowly nationalizing industries and allowing a small private sector
Term
Helmut Kohl
Definition
first to hold office of chancellor of the new reunified Germany (Christian Democrat)
Term
Angela Merkel
Definition
selected as Chancellor by the increasingly more center-right Bundestag, and in the process, rejecting Gerhard Schroeder
Term
Otto von Bismarck
Definition
established first government-run health insurance, social security, and workers' compensation
Term
reunified Germany
Definition
largest current creditor nation to Russia
Term
former FRG
Definition
experiences "economic miracle" post WWII
Term
both FRG and reunified Germany
Definition
experienced the so-called "fading miracle" during the last decade
Term
former GDR
Definition
a command socialist economy with a Marxist orientation
Term
both FRG and reunified Germany
Definition
a social market economy along the lines of Sweden, but with somewhat lower taxes and less progressivity (less "liberal" than Sweden in the American sense of that term)
Term
both FRG and reunified Germany
Definition
a member of both the EU and the EMU
Term
reunified Germany
Definition
experienced "Big Bang" transformation (1989-1991)
Term
former GDR
Definition
the Berlin Wall was within the borders of this
Term
former GDR
Definition
of the above, the one with the highest labor participation rate by women

former FRG
former GDR
reunified Germany
both FRG and reunified Germany
Term
former FRG
Definition
Ludwig Erhard was its so-called architect
Term
reunified Germany
Definition
a substantial budget deficit threatened to keep this nation out of the European Monetary Union
Term
reunified Germany
Definition
advocated Eastern Bloc nations be accepted into EU
Term
reunified Germany
Definition
rising unemployment rates have resulted in a right-wingo neo-Nazi resurgence
Term
former FRG
Definition
ordo-liberalism is associated with this
Term
former FRG
Definition
enjoyed double-digit growth rates through 1955
Term
former FRG
Definition
two of its mass organizations were the Free German Youth and the Young Pioneers
Term
former FRG
Definition
a member of the initial group called the ECSC
Term
former FRG
Definition
were aided by the Marshall Plan
Term
former GDR
Definition
were included in the CMEA
Term
former FRG
Definition
politically dominated by the Christian Democrats and the Social Democrats, although numerous other parties were represented in parliament
Term
former GDR
Definition
its flag has 3 stripes (black, orange-red, and gold) plus a round logo in the center
Term
former GDR
Definition
Erich Honecker was its leader when President Ronald Reagan gave his "Tear Down this Wall" speech
Term
Nazi Germany, GDR and DPRK
Definition
disallowed labor unions
Term
only DPRK and GDR
Definition
low standard of living, equal distribution of civilian income, low Gini coefficient
Term
fascism, generally
Definition
police state, superpatriotism, cultivation of ignorance of foreign information/ideas
Term
only Nazi Germany and DPRK
Definition
command economies
Term
EMU
Definition
EC ("Common Market") becomes European Union
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
by helping to reduce poverty, this may have helped to reduce the rise in European indigenous communist, post WWII
Term
Treaty of Paris
Definition
allowed for free movement of capital and labor, in addition to coal, steam and iron ore
Term
Treaty of Rome
Definition
attempted to pacify borders, this treaty was signed by six nations
Term
EMU
Definition
this established a central bank and established the euro as the common currency
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
aimed to rebuild allied countries of Europe, but was written in a manner to discourage USSR from participating
Term
Kyoto Protocol
Definition
the US is a member of all the above organizations and groups, except the EU, and yet unlike the others, has not ratified this
Term
Kyoto Protocol
Definition
although two "agreements" have been added to this, one on environmental and the other on labor cooperation, neither amendment seems to have created "substantive" standards or changes, and are viewed perhaps as mere appeasements to environmentalists and labor
Term
EU
Definition
although its motto is "united in diversity," it is currently experiencing a dialectic as some trafficking of immigrants, who substitute for domestic labor, has resulted allegedly in increasing unemployment of domestic workers
Term
G8
Definition
this composite of separate economies represents about 65% of the world economy
Term
UN Security Council
Definition
its permanent members were Allies during WWII (with Russia now replacing the now defunct USSR)
Term
market socialism
Definition
private ownership, reliance on market mechanism, with a substantial safety/security net
Term
laissez faire capitalism
Definition
the opposite of command socialism
Term
command capitalism
Definition
private ownership of land and capital with government dictate of allocation and distribution
Term
market socialism
Definition
ranks poorly in terms of freedom and allocative efficiency, but, theoretically, higher in terms of egalitarianism
Term
privatization
Definition
The new Russia, the current PRC, and the former GDR portion of the new, re-unified Germany are moving away from nationalization and toward this, its polar opposite
Term
perfect competition
Definition
Friedrich A. Hayek and Ludwig von Mises would not believe that this principle need be maintained
Term
guided capitalism
Definition
uses much indicative planning, however less than in Japan, but more than in US
Term
mixed market or "patched-up capitalism"
Definition
this stage of the evolution of capitalism allows both imperfect competition and government intervention
Term
David Ricardo
Definition
initially developed labor theory of value
Term
Henri Saint-Simon
Definition
"Social engineering" and "constructivism" were coined due to his professional background
Term
Plato, Thomas More and Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Definition
proposed or advocated non-ownership concept prior to utopian socialists
Term
Georg Hegel
Definition
initially developed philosophical dialect concept that was subsequently used in Karl Marx's historical materialism
Term
revisionist socialism
Definition
emerged due to the failure of the Industrial Revolution to bring about an uprising of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie
Term
Marxism-Leninism
Definition
refocusing of revolutionary expectations toward less developed countries
Term
utopian socialism
Definition
participatory (cooperative) alternative is most like this form, but without its violent inception
Term
Yegor Gaider
Definition
served as PM of Russia, concurrent with Yeltsin
Term
Mikhail Gorbachev
Definition
served as the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR
Term
Boris Yeltsin
Definition
as President, oversaw Russia's "Big Bang" conversion to capitalism
Term
Mikhail Gorbachev
Definition
perostroika and glasnot helped earn him Time's "Man of the Decade" recognition
Term
True
Definition
T/F: Lenin oversaw the 1921 electrification, but Stalin would take state formation of infrastructure further with his so-called super-industrialization and Gosplan
Term
False
Definition
T/F: Post-Stalin, Khrushchev intensified central planning, resulting in longer lines and decreased allocative efficiency. He lost the allegiance of consumers
Term
True
Definition
T/F: Stalin's "factories in fields" and Mao's "Great Leap Forward" collectivized agriculture with desired results-- both farmers and consumers suffered
Term
True
Definition
T/F: In Moscow, virtually unbridled capitalism is practiced by young entrepreneurs. Consumerism and conspicuous consumption is accompanied by a religious revival, including the re-building of churches demolished by Stalin, who referred to religion was "the opiate of the masses"
Term
True
Definition
T/F: Household economies practice asymmetrical reciprocity, that is general reciprocity
Term
True
Definition
T/F: Old traditional economies of the domestic mode variety preserved overtime due to both isolation and lack of dialectic
Term
True
Definition
T/F: Theoretically, old traditional economies that eventually practice balanced reciprocity with neighboring groups will evolve along a unilineal path to becoming market economies
Term
Swedish economic characteristic
Definition
incorporated maximin criterion, yet defied equity-efficiency trade-off!
Term
North Korean economic characteristic
Definition
the most recent conversion to socialism
Term
Iranian economic characteristic
Definition
has numerous restrictions on "unearned" incomes and practices a form of venture capitalism in its banking practices
Term
All of the below:

Iranian economic characteristic
Swedish economic characteristic
Japanese economic characteristic
North Korean economic characteristic
Definition
seeks and/or achieves a relatively low Gini coefficient
Term
North Korean economic characteristic
Definition
led by a Stalinist post WWII
Term
Japanese economic characteristic
Definition
state-directed capitalism with an influential and significant role for the banking industry
Term
Japanese economic characteristic
Definition
re-emergence of militarism was discouraged post WWII by revamping its cartels and disallowing industry-wide labor unions
Term
zaibatsu and kombinaten
Definition
disallowed in American occupation areas, post WWII
Term
chaebol and kereitsu
Definition
family-centered conglomerates and blank-centered cartels, respectively
Term
zaibatsu, kombinaten and chaebol
Definition
industrial clusters
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