Details

Title: Earthquakes! @ SFSU

Description: Study for final

Total Flash Cards: 14

Created: 12/17/2006 21:46:44

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Additional Geology Flashcards

Cards in this set:

Term
3 types of plate boundaries
 Definition
1. Transform - parellel of eachother

2. Divergent - away from eachother
- Volcanos

3. Convergetn - goes togother, underneath
Term
Types of faults
 Definition
1. Strike-slip - moves parallel

2. normal - moves away

3. reverse - moves together

4. thrust - goes underneath
Term
4 types of waves
 Definition
1. P-wave - compression and dilatation

2. S-wave - up/down and side/side motion

3. love wave - side to side

4. Rayleigh - rolls like ocean
Term
3 Factors of how you feel an earthquake
 Definition
1. Magnitude of Quake

2. Distance from epicenter

3. Ground/Soil Materials
Term
How to identify a fault trace.
 Definition
- Surface ruptures

- Offset structures (fences sidewalks)

- natural features
Term
Attenuation
 Definition
the reduction in amplitude of a wave with time or distance traveled.
Term
What type of fault is the San Andreas Fault?
 Definition
A right lateral strike-slip transform fault
Term
what seismic wave travels the fastest?
 Definition
P-Wave
Term
seismic waves travel through the earth by.
 Definition
- refraction

- propagation

- reflection
Term
3 Factors that determine the amount of energy released in a quake.
 Definition
1. Strength of Rocks - Stronger the rocks the more stress needed to break them

2. Area of fault rupture - bigger the fracture the more energy released

3. Distance fault moved - how much offset was there along fault
Term
type of seismic wave found at volcanos
 Definition
Harmonic waves
Term
When do waves break?
 Definition
waves break when water depth is 1/2 the wavelength of waves.
Term
Important advances in seismology resulted from Lawson report on 1906 quake.
 Definition
1. SA Fault is continuous geologic structure

2. Strike/slip fault

3. Reacurrance intervals

4. Elastic rebound hypothesis

5. Shaking intensity corresponds to geology

6. Damage = poor building construction
Term
Elastic Rebound Hypothesis.
 Definition
1. Start
2. Strain builds up across boundary
3. earthquake breaks fault w/strain
4. earth recovers to non strain