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Earthquakes
Earthquakes
35
Science
Undergraduate 1
02/23/2010

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Term
Absolute time
Definition
You get absolute dating from relative dating
-absolute dating from relative dating
-absolute dating from relative dating
Term
Relative Time
Definition
Time that is basic on fossil record, oldest rocks/fossils at the bottom are the oldest, time in certain periods/eras *precambrian, cambrian, mesozoic, paleozoic etc.
Term
Radioactive Isotope
Definition
used to determine the half life of things, also used to determined how old the world, planets, and sun is (pretty much the universe).
Term
how old is earth
Definition
4.6 billion years
Term
age of ros?
Definition
4.6 billion years
Term
sun and planets?
Definition
4.6 billion years
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
Oldest continental rocks
Definition
around 4 billion but approx. 3.96 years old
Term
how do we know the age of the earth?
Definition
using radiometric dating from meteorites
Term
oldest oceanic rocks
Definition
around 200million years old
Term
oldest fossils
Definition
600 million
Term
10 to the 3rd
Definition
3 zeros-> thousand.
Term
ten to the 9th
Definition
9 zeros-> billion,
Term
10 to the 6th / 10 to the 0,
Definition
thousand, 1
Term
determine age of the universe
Definition
calculate the speed and direction the galaxies are moving away from each other.
Term
earthquake
Definition
sudden slip on a fault plane
Term
fault trace
Definition
intersection between fault plane and earths surface
Term
Fault scarp
Definition
a cliff or steep slope formed by displacement of the ground surface
Term
Hypocenter
Definition
– point where earthquake starts (lat, long, depth), locate using arrival times of earthquake seismic waves at an array of stations
Term
epicenter
Definition
point directly about the hypocenter on the earth’s surface (lat, long)
Term
fault plane
Definition
place of weakness around a fault
Term
o σ1 is vertical
Definition
normal fault
Term
o σ2 is vertical
Definition
strike slip
Term
3 is vertical
Definition
trust fault
Term
o First P motion on a vertical seismometer
Definition
Up – away from the source
Down – toward the source
Term
raleigh wave
Definition
– particle motion is retrograde elliptical in direction of propagation
Term
volcano at convergent boundary
Definition
Andesite magma, lots of silica, lots of viscosity, which explains the grey color, explosive eruptions, steep-sided composite (strato) volcanoes (Cascade Mountains)
Term
volcano at divergent boundary
Definition
o Basalt magma – contains less SiO2 (low viscosity) which explains the black color, quiet eruptions, shallow-sloped shield volcanoes
Term
tsunami
Definition
a seismic sea wave usually generated by dip-slip faulting on the ocean floor\very long wavelength (say 200km) and a very long period (say 15 min)
-Velocity = frequency x wavelength or wavelength/time
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