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Earth Systems
Volcanoes
27
Science
Undergraduate 4
11/15/2011

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Cards

Term
The resistance to flow
Definition
Viscosity
Term
Viscosity controlled by
Definition
The percent of silicon di oxide in magma
Term
Slow moving, high SiO2, more difficult for gas to escape, more explosive
Definition
High viscosity
Term
Low SiO2, more fluid, easy for gas to escape, less explosive
Definition
Low viscosity
Term
Eruption column formed from
Height
From what type of volcanoes
Definition
Plinian eruption
Up to 45 KM
Subduction zone volcanoes
Term
Section of the oceanic crust exposed above sea level by tectonic forces
Definition
Ophiolite
Term
Two types of basalt flows
Definition
Pahoehoe flow
Aa Flow
Term
Flow where lava cools to form smooth, ropy texture
Definition
Pahoehoe flow
Term
Lava cools to form rough, blocky texture
Definition
Aa flow
Term
Texture of basalt when eruption is under water.
Forms top layer of ocean crust
Definition
Pillow Basalt
Term
Prosylactic flow made of
Definition
Hot rock fragments and gasses, dry flow
Term
Pyroclastic Flow occur in
Definition
Composite Volcanoes
Term
Prosylactic flow move at
Definition
High speeds, 200 mph
Term
Source of prosylactic flow
Definition
Collapse of eruption column
Term
Rapidly flowing mixture of pyroclasts and water, originate from the melting of ice, rainfall or the breakout of a lake
Definition
Lahar Pro
Term
Viscous lava solidifies in the caldera (or crater) of a composite volcano.
Definition
Lava dome
Term
Tall Eruption Column, go into stratosphere
Definition
Pilinian Eruption
Term
Large volume of basaltic lava erupting on surface
Definition
Sheild Volcano
Term
Alternating layers of pyroclasts and lava flows. (Subduction zone volcanoes- Ring of Fire), Explosive Eruptions
Definition
Composite Volcano
Term
Major gasses emitted from volcanoes and percentage
Definition
Water vapor 50 percent
CO2
Sulfer dioxide
Term
More CO2 creates
Definition
Global warming
Term
More SO2 creates
Definition
Global cooling
Term
3 tectonic settings w/ volcanic activity
Most common lava types erupting at each
Definition
Divergent plate boundaries (both types)
Subduction zones (sheild and composite)
Hot spots: source mantle plumes
Term
Most active volcano on Hawaii and in the world
Definition
Kilauea
Term
Mt. St. Helens and Mt. Rainer location and what is hazard
Definition
Cascade arc
Lahars will be serious hazards
Term
Merapi Volcano
Definition
Indonesia's most active volcano in erupted in October 2010
Term
Tambora
Definition
Part of indonesian volcanic arc, largest eruption in history
Global cooling and year without summer, blocked sun
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