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Earth Science
Vocabulary for OGT
23
Science
10th Grade
02/03/2012

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Cards

Term
The Big Bang Theory
Definition

the most widely accepted theory for the formation of the universe which states:

1)  All matter was once ocmpacted into tiny dense particles by extreme pressure

2)  Extreme pressure and temperature created an explostion.

3) Matter and energy was propelled outward in all directions forming the expanding universe.

 

Term
Galaxy
Definition
very large groups of stars and associated matter formed when matter from the Big Bang cooled
Term
Red Shift
Definition
light given off from galaxies in motion that is shifted toward the red end of the spectrum and that galaxies are moving away from Earth in all directions; used to support the Big Bang Theory
Term
Cosmic background radiation
Definition
heat radiation coming from all directions of space which is believed to be the remains of the thermal energy from the intial explosion of the Big Bang
Term
Steady State Theory
Definition
an alternative theory to the Big Bang which states that as the universe expands new matter is formed
Term
Solar System
Definition
the sun and all of the objects that orbit around the sun
Term
Nebula
Definition
a large cloud of dust in space that occupies a region where a star began or ended
Term
Gravity
Definition
a force of attraction that all objects exert upon one another
Term
Cyanobacteria
Definition
single celled organism found in fossils from early Earth that are photosynthetic; believed to be responsible for converting early Earth's atmosphere from carbon dioxide to oxygen through the process of photosynthesis
Term
Mantle
Definition
layer of Earth beneath the lithosphere and above the outer core
Term
Crust
Definition
outer solid layer of Earth
Term
Core
Definition
central, inner layer of Earth
Term
Molten
Definition
melted, flowing
Term
Atmosphere
Definition
gaseous part of the Earth
Term
Hydrosphere
Definition
portion of the earth that is water
Term
Lithosphere
Definition
portion of the earth that is solid
Term
Asthenosphere
Definition
plastic-like layer of the upper mantle which can flow like hot wax
Term
Biosphere
Definition
living organisms of the earth
Term
Fossil
Definition
an impression, remnant, or trace of an organism that has been preserved in the crust of the Earth
Term
Magma
Definition
molten rock
Term
Plate Tectonics
Definition
theory that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into plates that glide over the weak Asthenosphere
Term
Plates
Definition
pieces of the lithosphere
Term
Plates
Definition
pieces of the lithosphere
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