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Earth Chapter 1
Earth Chapter 1
21
Science
7th Grade
01/06/2011

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Term
Element
Definition
A pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Term
Mineral
Definition
A naturally formed, inorganic solid with crystalline structure
Term
Atom
Definition
The smallest part of an element that has all of the properties of that element
Term
Compound
Definition
A pure substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically joined, or bonded together
Term
Crystal
Definition
The solid, geometric form of a mineral produced by a repeating pattern of atoms
Term
Silicate Minerals
Definition
A mineral that contains a combination of silicon and oxygen
Term
Non Silicate Minerals
Definition
A mineral that does not contain the compounds silicon and oxygen
Term
Luster
Definition
The way the surface of a mineral reflects light
Term
Streak
Definition
The color of a mineral in powdered form
Term
Cleavage
Definition
The tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces
Term
Fracture
Definition
The tendency of a mineral to break along curved or irregular surfaces
Term
Hardness
Definition
The resistance of a mineral to being scratched
Term
Density
Definition
The amount of matter in a given space –m/v
Term
Ore
Definition
A mineral deposit large enough and pure enough to be mined for profit
Term
Pegmatites
Definition
Tear drop shaped bodies of magma
Term
Plutons
Definition
Slowly cooled balloon shaped body of magma
Term
Surface Mining
Definition
Removal of minerals at or near Earth’s surface
Term
Deep Mining
Definition
Removal of minerals from deep within the earth
Term
Gem/Gemstones
Definition
Mineral deposits that are attractive and rare
Term
Reclamation
Definition
The process of returning land to its original state after mining is completed
Term
Non renewal resources
Definition
A natural resource that cannot be replaced or that can be replaced only over thousands or millions of years
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