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Early Medieval Art and Architechture
n/a
120
Art History
Undergraduate 3
10/03/2009

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Term
[image]
Definition

Santa Sabina, Rome, Italy 422-432

Term
[image]
Definition
Old St. Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy ca. 319
Term
[image]
Definition
Interior of Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome, Italy ca.
Term
[image]
Definition

*also shows close up of Mother of God

Santa Maria Maggiore, the Mother of God enthroned,Mosaic, Rome, Italy, ca. 432

Term
[image]
Definition
Parting of Abraham and Lot from the nave of Maria Maggiore, Mosaic, Rome, Italy, Ca. 432
Term
[image]
Definition
Jewish Synagogue, Torah Niche, Dura-Europas, Syria, ca. 246-256
Term
[image]
Definition
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, Rome, Italy, Marble ca. 359
Term
[image]
Definition
detail of enthroned christ, the teacher, from the sarcophagus of junius bassus, rome, italy, marble ca. 359
Term
[image]
Definition
Santa Costanza + floor plan , Rome, Italy, ca. 337-351
Term
[image]
Definition
Detail of Vault Mosaic of Santa Costanza, Rome, Italy, ca. 337-351
Term
[image]
Definition
Interior of Galla Placidia Mausoleum, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 425
Term
[image]
Definition
Exterior of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 425
Term
[image]
Definition
christ as the good shepherd, from lunette of mausoleum Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 425
Term
[image]
Definition
Sant' Apollinare Nuove, Ravenna, Italy, Ca. 504
Term
[image]
Definition
Healing of the Paralytic from Sant' Apollinare, Ravenna, Italy, Mosaic 504
Term
[image]
Definition
"Lazarus" from Sant' Apollinare, Ravenna, Italy, Mosaic, ca. 504
Term
[image]
Definition
miracle of the loaves and the fishes, from Sant' Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 504
Term
[image]
Definition
the Kiss of Judas, from Sant Apollinare, Ravenna, Italy, 504
Term
[image]
Definition
Suicide of Judas and the crucifixion, from Ivory Box, British Museum London, ca. 420
Term
[image]
Definition
"the denial of st. peter" from Ivory Box, british museum, London, ca. 420
Term
[image]
Definition
"Mary at the Empty Tomb" from Ivory Box, British Museum, London, ca. 420
Term
[image]
Definition
"Samuel Annoints David" from Synagogue, Mural, Tempera on Plaster, Dura-Europas, ca.245
Term
[image]
Definition
diptych of Arch angel michael, Ivory, British Museum London, early 6th C.
Term
[image]
Definition
Justinian as the World Emperor (Barberini Ivory), Paris, Louvre, mid 6th C.
Term
[image]
Definition
Hagia Sophia, Exterior plus Floorplans, Constantinople, ca. 532-37
Term
[image]
Definition
Hagia Sophia, Interior, "The Great church", Constantinople, ca. 532-37
Term
[image]
Definition
Exterior San Vitale, Plus Floor Plan, Ravenna, Italy, 526-547
Term
[image]
Definition
Interior of San vitale, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 526-547
Term
[image]
Definition
San Vitale Apse "Seated Christ", Ravenna Italy, ca. 526-547
Term
[image]
Definition
"Justinian and his Retinue" Mosaic, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 547
Term
[image]
Definition
Theodora and Her Retinue, from San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, Mosaic ca. 526-547
Term
[image]
Definition
Sant' Apollinare in Clase (exterior) , Clase (the port area), ravenna, Italy, ca. 533-49
Term
[image]
Definition
Apse Mosaic "The Transfiguration", from Sant' Apollinare (Clase), Clase (port area), Ravenna, Italy, 533-549
Term
[image]
Definition
Icon of St. Theodosia, orig. Constantinople, now Sinai, painted panel on wood early 13th c.
Term
[image]
Definition
The Virgin (Theotokus) and Vladmir/child, Tempera on Wood, Constantinople, Late 11th-12th c.
Term
[image]
Definition
Virgin (Theotokos) and child between saints Theodore and George, Icon, encaustic, Sinai, 6th-7th century
Term
[image]
Definition
Transfiguration Scene, Church of the Virgin, St. Catherine’s Monastery, Sinai, Egypt, ca. 548-565
Term
[image]
Definition
floor plan of the 2 churches (Theotokos and Katholikon), Hosios Loukas, Greece, 1st half of 10th c/ 1st half of 11th C.
Term
[image]
Definition
Exterior of Hosios Loukas, Greece, 10-11th C.
Term
[image]
Definition
Interior Dome of Katholikon, Hosios Loukas, Greece, 1st 1/4 of 11th c.
Term
[image]
Definition
Christ as the PantoKrator, from dome of Church of the Dormition, Daphni, Greece, 1090-1100
Term
[image]
Definition
Crucifixion Mosaic, from church of Dormition, Daphni, Greece, 1090-1100
Term
Aisle
Definition
Portion of the basilica flanking the nave and separated by row of Columns
Term
alter piece
Definition
A panel painted or sculpted. Above/behind altar
Term
Ambulatory
Definition
Covered walkway, outdoors (as in church cloister) or indoors. Passageway around the apse and the choir of the church
Term
Apse
Definition
Recess, usually semicircular, in the wall of a building, commonly found at the east end of the church.
Term
Arcade
Definition
Series of arches, supported by piers or columns
Term
atrium
Definition
Central reception room of a roman house, partly open to the sky. Or open colonnaded court of a Christian Basilica
Term
Basilica
Definition
Roman refers to public building for legal or other civic proceedings, rectangular planned. In Christian refers to church resembling roman basilica except for apse at the end.
Term
Clerestory
Definition
Fenestrated part of the building that rises above the roof. Often form the nave’s uppermost level in basilicas. Above the vaults.
Term
Choir
Definition
space reserved for the clergy and singers of the church, east of transept or extending into the nave.
Term
Chancel Arch
Definition
The arch separating the chancel (apse or choir_ or the transept from the nave of a basilica or church
Term
Crossing
Definition
the space in a cruciform church formed by the intersection of the nave and transept.
Term
Crossing Tower
Definition
a tower over the crossing of a church
Term
Cruciform
Definition
Cross-shaped
Term
Cutaway
Definition
combines exterior with interior view
Term
Domus Ecclesia
Definition
A domestic space transformed into a religious space (such as the Christian Community houses of Dura-Europas)
Term
Diptych
Definition
Two paneled painting or altarpiece, or hinged writing table often of ivory and carved on external sides.
Term
Eucharist
Definition
in Christianity, the partaking of the bread and wine, which believed hold to be either Christ himself or symbolic of him
Term
Encaustic
Definition
a painting technique where pigment is mixed in with melted wax and applied to a surface.
Term
Evangelist
Definition
one of the four authors (Matthew, mark, Luke or John) of the New Testament gospels.
Term
Exedra (pl exedrae)
Definition
Recessed area, usually semi-circular
Term
Fresco
Definition
Painting on lime plaster, either dry or wet, where pigments are mixed with water and chemically bound to the freshly laid lime plaster.
Term
Gospels
Definition
the 4 New Testament books that relate the life and teaching of Jesus
Term
Intercession
Definition
A third party, mediator. Icons are described as intercessors between worshiper and Divinity.
Term
Icon
Definition
portrait or image, or panel with a painting of sacred personages that are objects of veneration.
Term
Iconoclasm
Definition
destruction of religious or sacred images. 726-843 Byzantium (ban on images, destroyed referred to as iconoclasts)
Term
Iconography
Definition
the writing of images. Refers to both the content and subject of an artwork. Includes a study of the symbolic.
Term
Lunette
Definition
painting/ relief within a semicircle.
Term
Martyr
Definition
person who chooses to die rather than deny religious belief (ex: St. Sobust and icons)
Term
Martyrium
Definition
shrine to a Christian martyr or saint.
Term
Mausoleum
Definition
a monumental tomb. The name derives from mid-4th C. BCE tomb of Mausolos Halikarnassos.
Term
Mandorla
Definition
An almond shaped nimbus (halo) surrounding the figure of Christ or other sacred figure.
Term
Monastery
Definition
a group of buildings in which monks live together, set apart from secular community.
Term
Monotheism
Definition
worship of one all powerful god
Term
mosaic
Definition
patterns or images made by embedding tesserae of stone or glass in cement surfaces
Term
Narthex
Definition
porch or vestibule of a church generally colonnaded or arcaded and preceding the nave
Term
Nave
Definition
central area of an ancient roman basilica or of a church, demarcated by aisles
Term
Nimbus
Definition
halo or aureole appearing around the head of a holy figure
Term
Orant
Definition
in early Christian art, a figure with both arms raised in the ancient gesture of prayer
Term
Oratory
Definition
The church of a Christian Monastery
Term
Pantokrator
Definition
Translates from Greek to “Ruler of all”. Christ as the ruler and judge of Heaven and Earth.
Term
Plan
Definition
horizontal arrangement of the parts of a building or streets of a town, drawing or diagram showing arrangement. In axial plan the parts of the building are organized longitudinally or along a given axis; in a central plan, the parts of the structure are of equal or almost equal dimensions around the centre
Term
Portico
Definition
a roofed colonnade; also an entrance porch.
Term
Predella
Definition
narrow edge on which an altarpiece rests.
Term
Prefiguration
Definition
in early Christian art the depiction of Old Testament persons and events as prophetic forerunners of Christ and New Testament events.
Term
Pendentives
Definition
Concave triangular sections of a hemisphere, four of which provide the transition form square are to the circular base of a covering dome. Although Pendentives appear to be hanging like a pendant from the dome, they support it.
Term
Putto
Definition
a cherubic young boy
Term
Relics
Definition
the body parts, clothing or objects associated with a holy figure
Term
reliquary
Definition
container holding relics
Term
Sacrophagus
Definition
Latin for “Consumer of Flesh”. A coffin, usually of stone.
Term
Squinch
Definition
archi. Device used as a transition from a square to a polygonal or circular base for a dome. Composed of lintels, corbels or arches.
Term
Typology
Definition
in Christian theology, the recognition of concordances between events, especially between new and old testaments.
Term
Theotokos
Definition
“She bore God”. The Virgin Mary as both the mother of God and Jesus.
Term
Transept
Definition
the part of a church with an axis that crosses the nave at a right angle.
Term
Annunciation to Mary
Definition

Archangel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will micraculously conceive and give birth to God's son Jesus. God is sometimes indicated as a dove.

Term
The Visitation:
Definition

Pregnant Mary visits her older cousin Elizabeth who is pregnant with the future St. John the Baptist. Elizabeth recognizes that is the son of god and they rejoice.

Term
Nativity, Annunciation to the Shepherds, Adoration of the Shepherds
Definition
Jesus is born @ night in Bethlehem. Mary and Joseph marvel at newborn in stable or cave (Byzantine), angel announces birth to shepherds who rush to Bethlehem
Term
Adoration of Magi
Definition
bright star alerts 3 wise men (magi) that King of Jews is born. They travel 12 days to Jesus and present gifts.
Term
Presentation in the Temple
Definition
Mary and Joseph bring 1rstborn to temple where Simeon (who god said would not die until he saw messiah) recognizes Jesus as messiah
Term
Massacre of the Innocents/Flight into Egypt
Definition
King Herod, fearful that a rival king has been born, orders a massacre of all infants in Bethlehem. Angel warns holy fam and they escape to Egypt.
Term
Dispute in the Temple
Definition
Holy fam goes to Jerusalem for Passover. 12 yr old Jesus engages in learned debate with Jewish scholars, foretelling his ministry.
Term
Baptism
Definition
Beg of ministry: John the Baptist baptizes Jesus (30 yr old) in the Jordan River. Dove (god) proclaims Jesus as son.
Term
Calling of Matthew
Definition
Jesus summons Matthew (tax collector) to follow him and he becomes one of 12 apostles and a writer of a gospel.
Term
Miracles
Definition
Jesus performs many miracles revealing divine nature...acts of healing, raising dead (lazarus), water into wine, etc
Term
Delivery of Keys to Peter
Definition
Jesus declares Peter as his successor, he is the rock the church is to be built on and symbolically delivers keys to heaven to him.
Term
Transfiguration
Definition
Jesus scales a high mtn and in the presence of Peter, James, and John, is transformed into radiant light...god discloses Jesus is his son from a cloud.
Term
Cleansing of the Temple
Definition
Jesus returns to Jerusalem, he finds $ changers and merchants doing business in the temple, and drives them out of the sacred precinct.
Term
Entry into Jerusalem
Definition
Palm sunday (sunday b4 crucifixion) Jesus rides into Jerusalem on a donkey. Crowds greet and place palms at his feet.
Term
last Supper/Washing of the Disciple's feet
Definition
Jesus celebrates Passover w/ disciples. He foretells betrayal, arrest, and death...remember him with bread (body) and wine (blood). Jesus humbly washes their feet.
Term
Agony in the Garden
Definition
Jesus goes to the Mount of Olives in the Garden of Gethsemane where he prays for strength to overcome his fear of death. apostles who come with fall asleep despite Jesus telling them not to.
Term
Betrayal and Arrest
Definition
Judas betrays Jesus to Jewish authorities for 30 silver pieces. Judas kisses Jesus, betraying him to the soldiers. Later her hangs himself from a tree.
Term
Trials of Jesus and Denial of Peter
Definition
Jesus brought b4 Jewish high priest. Peter denies knowing Jesus 3 times, as foretold by Jesus. Jesus brought b4 Roman authority Pontius Pilate on treason charges...Pilate frees Barabas a murderer per the request of the people rather than Jesus. Pilate washes his hands (symbolism)
Term
Flagellation and Mocking
Definition
Roman soldiers whip Jesus and mock him by placing a crown of thorns on his head.
Term
Carrying of the Cross, raining of the cross, crucifixion
Definition
Jesus is forced to carry cross from Jerusalem to mt. cavalry (Golgotha where adam was buried). Falls 3 times, loses robe. Nailed to cross, mom, John evangelist, and Mary Mag mourne over dead Jesus
Term
Descent into limbo
Definition
Jesus (after death is Christ) frees righteous souls from limbo/hell in 3 days in tomb.
Term
Resurrection and 3 Marys at the Tomb
Definition
3rd day (easter sunday) Christ leaves tomb and rises from the dead. Virgin Mary, Mary Mag, Mary mom of James visit tomb and find it empty and angel tells them that Christ is resurrected.
Term
Noli Me tangere, Supper at Emmaus, Doubting of Thomas
Definition
40 days btwn resurrection and ascent to heaven Jesus appears to followers. Tells Mary mag to not touch him, eats with 2 astonished apostles, Thomas touches death wound because he doesn't believe the resurrection
Term
Ascension
Definition
40th day Christ ascends to heaven in a could with mom and apostles witnessing.
Term
Ascension
Definition
40th day Christ ascends to heaven in a could with mom and apostles witnessing.
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