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Drug Actions Brittny Butler
Study q's 4
26
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
09/19/2010

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Cards

Term
All drugs of abuse cause dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens
Definition
KNOW THIS!!
Term
Examples of stimulant drugs
Definition
  • Amphetamines
  • Cocaine
  • Ritalin
  • Ecstasy
Term
What is the method of action for cocaine?
Definition
Blocks re-uptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine
Term
What does Ritalin do at the synapse?
Definition
Blocks re-uptake of dopamine
Term
How is ritalin's action at the synapse different from cocaines?
Definition
More gradual effect/lower dose
Term
What does ecstasy do at the synapse?
Definition
Increases dopamine release
Term
What are the long-term effects of ecstasy to neurons?
Definition
Destroys neurons, thinner layers in some areas of the brain
Term
What are some psychological effects of ecstasy?
Definition
Depression, anxiety, sleep problems, memory deficits
Term
Hormones that ecstasy effects
Definition
Oxytocin and serotonin
Term
What is serotonin syndrome?
Definition
Too much serotonin is released into the body
Term
What type of receptor does nicotine use?
Definition
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor receptor
Term
What is the effect of long term nicotine use on dopamine cells?
Definition
Pleasures become less reinforcing
Term
Examples of opiates?
Definition
  1. Morphine
  2. Heroine
  3. Methadone
Term
What receptors do opiates use?
Definition
Opioid receptors
Term
How do opioids increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens?
Definition
Disinhibits dopamine neurons
Term
What is methadone and how does it relate to heroine?
Definition
  • Blocks high from opioids
  • Cross tolerance with other opioids (like heroine) and long-lasting effects, stops opioid withdrawl syndrom
Term
How do cannabinoids increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens?
Definition

Indirectly increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens

 

Inhibit GABA in VTA --> more dopamine to nucleus accumbens

Term
What is cannabinoids effect on glutamate and GABA?
Definition
Inhibits them
Term
What are some medicinal uses of cannabinoids?
Definition
  1. Decrease pain
  2. Decrease naseau
  3. Increase appetite
  4. Combats glaucoma
Term
What are some cognitive effects of cannabinoids?
Definition
  1. Intense sensory experiences
  2. Illusion of time passing slowly
  3. Can impair memory and cognition
Term
What are some withdrawal symptoms for heavy smokers?
Definition
  1. Anxiety
  2. Depression
  3. Stomach pains
  4. Craving
  5. Loss of appetite
  6. Sleep problems
Term
What is the natural ligand that binds to cannabinoid receptors?
Definition
Anandamide
Term
What does anadamide do?
Definition
Facilitates effects of dopamine release in necleus accumbens
Term
How does caffine work?
Definition
It acts as an antagonist of andenosine receptors
Term
What does alcohol do to GABA transmission?
Definition
It Combines with GABA to produce longer effects of GABA
Term
What does alcohol do to glutamate?
Definition
It is a glutamate receptor antagonist
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