Shared Flashcard Set

Details

DNA Viruses I
Exam 3
27
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/25/2014

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Herpesviridae
Definition
  • Class I
  • Enveloped icosahedral
  • large
  • infects host for life
    • goes latent in neurons
    • exists as episome in nucleus
Term
What is Reactivation and what are some reactivators?
Definition
  • caused by stress, aging (immunosenescence), surgery or other medical interventions, cancer
  • specific viruses inhabit specific neurons
Term
 Genus Simplexvirus
Definition

HSV 1 and 2

 

Cold Sores and Genital Warts

Term
Genus Varicellovirus
Definition

Varicella-zoster virus (Herpes zoster virus)

chicken pox & shingles

Term
Genus Lymphocryptovirus
Definition

Epstein-Barr virus

Mono and Burkitt lymphoma

Term
Genus Cytomegalovirus
Definition

Cytomegalovirus

mononucleosis

Term
Herpes Simplex Transmission
Definition

Environmentally fragile (outside of human host they dont survive well because theyre not hardy)

  • direct contact
    • HSV 1: face (kissing)
    • HSV 2: sex
  • greater when virus is active vs latent
  • autoinnoculation (you spread it on yourself) is possible
Term
How do HSV symptoms start?
Definition
  • Virus travels up nerve to dermis (mucus membrane)
  • Virus replicates in epithelial cells
  • causes an immune response (inflammation, vesicle formation)
    • virus can use vesicles to get to next host
Term
What are HSV 1 symptoms?
Definition
  • cold sores, fever blisters, h. labialis
  • 5-7 days
  • itching
  • pain first half of occurence
  • tenderness possible
  • vesicle formation and weeping is common
Term
What are HSV 2 symptoms?
Definition
  • Genital warts, h. genitalis
  • 5-14+ days
  • Itching
  • Pain throughout
  • tenderness common
  • very sensitive vesicle formation and weeping common
Term
HSV Infrequents
Definition
  • neonatal herpes (from passage through birth canal)
  • Herpetic whitlows (from broken skin)
  • Ocular herpes (virus takes different nerve branch to eye instead of lips) 
Term
HSV Treatment
Definition
  • medications treat symptoms only be inhibiting viral replication
  • Acyclovir
  • Valacyclovir
  • Trifluridine
  • OTC pallative agents
Term
HSV Prevention & Control
Definition
  • avoid physical contact
  • condoms (HSV2)
  • Gloves (herpetic whitlows)
  • Vaccine: Herpevac for Women- glycoprotein subunit vaccine
Term
Chickenpox Transmission
Definition

HHV 3

  • From respiratory droplets, lesion fluids
  • contact may be direct or fomites
  • humans are only host
  • enter through respiratory tract or eyes
Term
Chickenpox symptoms
Definition
  • Incubation: 10-20 days
  • Pruritic (itchy) rash on TRUNK, face and forehead, sometimes extremities (centripetal distribution)
  • fever, malaise (debilitating fatigue), anorexia (avoidance of food)
  • symtpoms 2-3 weeks
Term
What is centripetal distribution?
Definition
As you move away from core, it becomes less common. The futher you get away from the core, the colder your tissues are.
Term
What is the Chickenpox Rash Progression?
Definition
  • Macule
  • Papule
  • Vesicle
  • Weeping from vesicle
  • Scab
Term
Chickenpox Treatment
Definition
  • Self-resolving
  • Antipuritics
    • calamine or caladryl
    • antihistamine lotions
    • baths with soda bicarbonate
  • Acyclovir for extreme cases
Term
Shingles Symptoms & Treatment
Definition
  • Fever and Malaise
  • Painful and pruitic rash (may leave permanent scars)
  • Nerve disorders ( paresthesia (numbness) hyperesthesia (oversensitivity))
  • Treatment same as chickenpox
Term
HHV 3 Vaccines
Definition
  • Both are live attenuated, single dose
  • Varivax (chickenpox)
  • Zostavax (shingles) 
Term
Mononucleosis
Definition
  • Mostly viral, some bacteria
  • EBV (HHV-4) causes most, then CMV(HHV-5)
  • "Kissing disease" or glandular fever
Term
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
Definition
  • HHV4 
  • 70% Americans harbor this virus
  • Latency in B cells not neurons
  • Integrates its DNA into the B cell host genome as a provirus 
  • Doesnt exist as an episome
  • can disrupt a gene necessary for cell division thus causing the cell to become cancerous 
Term
EBV Transmission
Definition
  • Saliva through kissing, sharing utensils, cups
Term
How do EBV symptoms start?
Definition
  1. HHV 4 infects B cells
  2. HHV 4 goes latent, prevents B-cell apoptosis
  3. T-Cells recognize infected B cells
  4. Civil war between B-cells and T-cells causes symptoms. 
Term
EBV Symptoms
Definition
  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Sore throat
  • Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly (enlargerd liver)
  • Malaise
  • May cause tumors (Burkitt's lymphoma) 
Term
What is Burkitt's Lymphoma?
Definition
B cell cancer
Term
EBV Treatment, Prevention & Control
Definition
  • most cases: palliative (treat the symptoms)
  • severe cases
    • acyclovir
    • passive Ig 
    • Interferon
  • no vaccine, no control measures
Supporting users have an ad free experience!