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Digestion
B. Sands
15
Science
7th Grade
03/22/2010

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Cards

Term
amino acid
Definition
building blocks of protein
Term
carbohydrate
Definition
the body's main energy source- sugars, starch, and fiber- forme of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; found in fruit.pasta, and whole-grain cereals and breads
Term
chemical digestion
Definition
didestive system process that occurs when chemicals break down large food molecules into smaller ones that can be obsorbed by the body
Term
chyme
Definition
thin, watery product of digestion that moves slowly out of the stomach and into the small intestine
Term
digestion
Definition
chemical and mechanical process that breaks food down into smaller molecules so that they can be absorbed by the body
Term
enzyme
Definition
a type of protein that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions in the body but is not used up or changed itself in any way during the reaction
Term
fat
Definition
nutrient that provides energy and helps the body absorb vitamins; can be saturated (meates and cheeses)
or unsaturated (liguid vegatable oil and faat found in poultry, fish, and nuts)
Term
food group
Definition
one of five groups of food that contain the same nutrients: bread and cereals, vegatables, fruit, milk, and meat
Term
mechanical digestion
Definition
digestive system process where food is broken down through chewing, mixing, and churning
Term
mineral
Definition
inorganic nutrient that regulates many of the body's chemical reactions; builds cells, sends nerve impulses, and carries oxygen
Term
nutrient
Definition
substances in food- proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water- that the body uses for cell development, repair, and the growth and that provide energy
Term
peristalsis
Definition
waves of muscular contractions that move foodthrough the digestive system
Term
protein
Definition
nutrient made up of amino acids that is used for replacement and repair of body cells and has large molecules that contain carbon, hdryogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; found in meats, fish, and beans
Term
villi
Definition
fingerlike projections in the wall of the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption of nutrient molecules
Term
vitamin
Definition
organic, water-solube nutrient needed in small quantities for growth, regulating body functions, and preventing disease
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