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Diarrheal Diseases
Clinical Medicine Test 3
15
Medical
Graduate
10/06/2010

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Cards

Term
What are the three components of diarrhea
Definition
1) loose stools
2) increased frequency >2stools/day
3) increased stool weight
Term
What are most cases of acute diarrhea caused by?
Definition
viruses (adenovirus, norwalk agent, rotavirus)
Term
What treatment is needed in most cases of acute diarrhea?
Definition
self-limited - fluid/electrolyte replacement
Term
which rehydration fluids are more effective?
Definition
Cereal-based
Term
1) What is diarrhea from campylobacter caused by?
2) Treated with?
Definition
1) undercooked chicken
2) erythromycin
Term
What antibiotics should be used to treat salmonella enteritids and S. cholerasuis?
Definition
1) fluroquinolones
2) trimethoprim-sufamethoxazole
3) ampicillin
Term
Shigella diarrhea should has what symptoms and how do you treat?
Definition
1) symptoms-watery followed by blood
2) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Term
What is the most common bacteria cause of food borne infection in US?
Definition
E. coli O157:H7
Term
What is the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhea in institutions?
Definition
clostridium difficile
Term
In osmotic diarrhea what is the most common deficiency from carbohydrate malabsorption?
Definition
lactate
Term
What is secretory diarrhea and osmotic diarrhea?
Definition
1) secretory- watery diarrhea with low fecal osmotic gap
2) osmotic-diarrhea with large osmotic gap
Term
What are inflammatory diarrheas characterized by?
Definition
blood and pus in stool from ulceration of the mucosa
Term
What lab is key for chronic diarrhea?
Definition
stool analysis
Term
What is steatorrhea defined by?
Definition
stool fat >7g/day or 9% of intake
Term
What is microscopic colitis syndrome?
Definition
chronic watery diarrhea and microscopic evidence of mucosal inflammation in the presence of normal gross colon findings
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