Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Dev. Psych Test 3 Emily Pudlowski
Chapters 11-14
40
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/16/2013

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Primary Sexual Characteristics
Definition
Sexual characteristics that involve the reproductive organs
Term
Secondary Sexual characteristics
Definition
Sexual characteristics that are visible on the outside of the body and serve as additional signs of sexual maturity
Term
Menarche
Definition
First restoration, occurs around 12 1/2
Term
Spermarche
Definition
First ejaculation; occurs around 13 1/2
Term
Secular Trend
Definition
Generational Change
Term
Formal Operational
Definition
Around age 11, young people enter the ______ _________ stage in which they develop the capacity for abstract, systematic, scientific thinking.
Term
Hypothetico-deductive Reasoning
Definition
When faced with a problem, they start with a hypothesis about variables that might affect an outcome, from which they deduce logical, testable inferences. Then they systematically isolate and combine variables to see which of these inferences are confirmed in the real world
Term
Propositional Thought
Definition
Adolescents' ability to evaluate the logic of propositions (verbal statements) without referring to real-world circumstances
Term
Personal Fable
Definition
Certainty that others are observing and thinking about them, teenagers develop an inflated opinion of their own importance- a feeling that they are special and unique.
Term
Identity Achievement
Definition
Commitment to values, beliefs and goals following a period of exploration
Term
Identity moratorium
Definition
Exploration without having reached commitment
Term
Identity foreclosure
Definition
Commitment in the absence of exploration
Term
Identity Diffusion
Definition
An apathetic state characterized by lack of both exploration and commitment
Term
Preconventional Level
Definition
Level in which morality is externally controlled. Children accept the rules of authority figures and judge actions by their consequences. Behaviors that result in punishment are viewed as bad, those that lead to rewards as good.
Term
Conventional Level
Definition
Level in which individuals continue to regard conformity to social rules as important, but not for reasons of self-interest. They believe that actively maintaining the current social system ensures positive relationships and societal order
Term
Postconventional Level
Definition
Level in which individuals move beyond unquestioning support for their own society's rules and laws. They define morality in terms of abstract principles and values that apply to all situations and societies
Term
Moral Self-Relevance
Definition
The degree to which morality is central to self-concept
Term
Gender Intensification
Definition
Increased gender stereotyping of attitudes and behavior and movement toward a more traditional gender identity
Term
Autonomy
Definition
A sense of oneself as a separate, self-governing individual
Term
Biological Aging or Senescence
Definition
Genetically influenced declines in the functioning of organs and systems that are universal in all members of our species
Term
Telomeres
Definition
Special type of DNA located at the ends of chromosomes, serving as a "Cap" to protect the ends of destruction- shortens in early adulthood. Eventually, so little remains that the cells no longer duplicate at all
Term
Free Radicals
Definition
Naturally occurring, highly reactive chemicals that form in the presence of oxygen
Term
Free Radicals
Definition
Naturally occurring, highly reactive chemicals that form in the presence of oxygen
Term
Cross-linkage theory of aging
Definition
Over time, protein fibers that make up the body's connective tissues form bonds, or links, with one another. When these normally separate fibers cross-link, tissue becomes less elastic, leading to many negative outcomes
Term
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Definition
The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest
Term
Postformal Thought
Definition
Cognitive development beyond Piaget's formal operations
Term
Epistemic cognition
Definition
Refers to our reflections on how we arrived at facts, beliefs, and ideas
Term
Dualistic Thinking
Definition
Dividing information, values, and authority into right and wrong, good and bad, we and they
Term
Relativistic Thinking
Definition
Viewing all knowledge as embedded in a framework of thought. Aware of a diversity of options on many topics they gave up the possibility of absolute truth in favor of multiple truths, each relative to its context
Term
Commitment within relativistic thinking
Definition
Instead of choosing between opposing views, they try to formulate a more satisfying perspective that synthesizes contradictions
Term
Pragmatic Thought
Definition
A structural advance in which logic becomes a tool for solving real world problems
Term
Cognitive-affective complexity
Definition
Awareness of positive and negative feelings and coordination of them into a complex, organized structure
Term
Fantasy Period
Definition
In early and middle childhood, children gain insight into career options by fantasizing about them
Term
Tentative Period
Definition
Between ages 11 and 16, adolescents think about careers in more complex ways, at first in terms of their interests and soon- as they become more aware of personal and educational requirements for different vocations- in terms of their abilities and values
Term
Realistic Period
Definition
By the late teens and early twenties, with the economic and practical realities of adulthood just around the corner, young people start to narrow their options. A first step is often further exploration-gathering more info about possibilities that blend with their personal characteristics. In the final phase, crystallization, they focus on a general vocational category and experiment for a time before settling on a single occupation
Term
Intimacy versus isolation
Definition
Psychological conflict reflected in the young person's thoughts and feelings about making a permanent commitment to an intimate partner
Term
Life structure
Definition
A key concept in Levinson's theory, the underlying design of a persons life, consisting of relationships with significant others- individuals, groups, and institutions
Term
Social Clock
Definition
Age-graded expectations for major life events
Term
Triangular theory of love
Definition
Identifies three components- intimacy, passion, and commitment- that shift in emphasis as romantic relationships develop
Term
Family life cycle
Definition
A sequence of phases characterizing the development of most families around the world
Supporting users have an ad free experience!