Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Dev. Psy. CH 4-5
Life Span Human Dev. Psych CH 4-5
35
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
09/28/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
When does ovulation generally occur?
Definition
every 28 days, midway through menstrual cycle
Term
What occurs at conception?
Definition
Sperm travels through vagina, up fallopian tubes, meet/penetrate egg, single cell zygote is formed, fertilized ovum impants into uterus wall
Term
What are the three stages of prenatal development?
Definition

germinal period

embryonic period

fetal period

Term
What is the purpose of the umbilical cord?
Definition

receives oxygen and nutrients from mother

eliminates carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes into the mother's bloodstream

Term
What is the purpose of the placenta?
Definition
provides nourishment to fetus and eliminates met. wastes
Term
What does organogenesis refer to?
Definition

embryonic period

every major organ takes shape in a primitive form

 

Term
Why do stem cells hold promise for treatment of diseases?
Definition

cells with no specialized function (differentation) can be implanted into areas that need new cells

 

uses aborted fetus cells

Term
To what does the age of viability refer to?
Definition

24th week

fetus may survive outside of womb

if brain and resp. system are dev.

and great med. care is used

Term

In regard to developing organism,

what does critical period refer to?

Definition

the critical period is when the brain is rapidly developing

 

neurons connecting

Term
How do teratogens, such as drugs, tobacco, alcohol harm the developing fetus?
Definition

teratogen-anything that harms fetus

 

thalidomide-stunted limbs, no ears, thumbs

 

tobacco- miscarriage, grow slower, premature, low birth weight, clefts

 

alcohol- FAS., affects mental, phys dev

 

cocaine- spont. abortion, malnourished, slow growth, withdrawal symptoms

Term
What is SIDS
Definition

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

sleeping baby suddenly stops breathing and dies

Term
In what ways can HIV mothers pot. infect their baby?
Definition

prenatally-placenta

perinatally-blood

postnatally-breastfeeding

Term
What are the facial char. of a baby with FAS?
Definition

small head

small eye opening and folds

flat midface, short nose, low nasal bridge

thin upper lip

Term
What is the increased risk for babies from older women?
Definition

stillbirth

miscarriage

low birth weight

greater chance to carry twins, greater chance of add. risks

Term
What birth risks are higher when the father is older?
Definition

older-more mascarriage

 

congenital heart defects

 

neural tube defects, Down syndrome

Term
To what does anoxia refer to?
Definition

oxygen shortage (asphyxia)

 

(pinched umb. cord, sedatives, mucus in throat)

Term
Why are women over 35 more likely to conceive twins?
Definition
they release more than one egg during ovulation
Term
What nutritional options do doctors rec. for a normal-weight women during pregnancy?
Definition

gain 25-35 pounds for norma weight women

 

high protein, high calorie, healthy

 

 

Term
What are complic. for delivery of a baby in breech position?
Definition

anoxia, brain cells could die if no oxygen is available

 

Term
In regard to childbirth, what is the adv. of the use of regional analgesics over general sedatives?
Definition

gen. sed. make baby sluggish, irritable, drugged

 

reg. anal do not cross placenta-few effects on babies

 

longer labor times, increased need for forceps and vaccum

Term
What is maternal postpartum depression?
Definition

depression lasting months after giving birth

1 in 10 new mothers

Term
Why cant premature babies breathe easily?
Definition
do not have a lot of surfactant to prevent air sacs in lungs from sticking together
Term
What were some of Werner and Smith's protective factors determined by their longitudinal study?
Definition

personal resources

supportive postnatal environment

Term
What is catch-up growth?
Definition
children who exp. growth deficits will grow rapidly and catch up to the growth trajectory they are gen. prog. to follow
Term
what do the LEFT and RIGHT hemis of the brain control
Definition

left: right side, sequential processing, reasoning, language, thinking

 

right: left side, simultaneous processing, spatial information, visual-motor infor, emotion

Term

what are the cephalocaudal principle

and they proximodistal principle?

Definition

cephalocaudal: growth occurs from head to tail direction

 

proximodistal: grow muscles from the center outward

Term
typical weight and length of newborn?
Definition

20 in long

7- 7 1/2 pounds

Term
different kinds of reflexes?
Definition

survival reflexes: breathing, blinking, sucking, rooting, pupils

 

primitive reflexes: unsure purpose (toes),grasping, stepping

 

Term
Infant behavioral states?
Definition

est. organizzed and individual patterns for daily activity

 

org. sleep-wake pattern

 

Term
what are rec. hours for sleep per age?
Definition

2-5: 12 hrs

school-age: 10 hrs

teens: 9 hrs

adults: 8 hrs

Term
/Gross motor skills and fine motor skills?
Definition

gross m. s:  kicking legs, drawing large circles that involve whole body/muscle movements

BEFORE

fine m. s:  picking cheerios off table, writing letters, precise movements

Term
What is the secular trend?
Definition
trend in more industrialized societies for earlier maturation and size
Term
Reserve capacity?
Definition

the ability to respond to depands for extraordinary output, such as when the heart and lungs work at maximum capacity

 

decline in reserve capacity with aging

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