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Developmental Psychology, Chpt 17
Physical and cognitive development in late adulthood
33
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/17/2010

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Term
Functional age (2)
Definition
Actual competence and performance
may not match chronological age
Term
Activites of Daily living (ADLs)
Definition
Basic self-care tasks
bathing, dressing,e ating
Term
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
Definition
Conducting business of everday life
require cognitive competence
shopping, food prep, housekeeping
Term
Factors in a long life (2)
Definition
Heredity, Environment/lifestyle
Term
factors in a long life: Enviornmnent/lifestyle (9)
Definition
Health diet, normal weight
Excrcise
Low substance use
Optimisim
Low stress
Social support
community involvement
learning
Term
Aging and the nervous system (4)
Definition
Loss of brain weigh accelarates after 60
neurons lost in frontal loves, corpus callosum, cerebellum, glial cells
Autonomic nervouse system less efficient
Brain can compensate
Term
Aging and the nervous system: brain can compensate with (3)
Definition
New fivers, neurons
New connections
Use more parts of brain
Term
Visual impariments and aging (5)
Definition
Lower visual acuity
Poor dark adaptation, sensitivity to glare
Decreased color, depth perception
Cataracts
Macular Degeneration
Term
Sleep and aging
Definition
Need less sleep
Earlier bedtime and wake-up
More difficulites (insomnia, nighttime waking, sleep apnea, restless legs)
Term
Physical appearance and mobility (6)
Definition
Skin thinner, rougher wrinkeled, spotted
Ears, nose, teeth, and hair change
Lose height and weight after 60
Muscle strength declines
Bone strength drops
Less flexibility
Term
Factors in good health and aging (7)
Definition
Optimism, self-efficacy, SES, ethnicity, sex, nutrition, exercise
Term
Nutrition in late adulthood
Definition
Need extra nutrients
Term
Nutrition in late adulthood: problems eating
Definition
Appetite, taste changes
chewing, digestion
shopping, cooking
Term
Exercise in late adulthood: barriers (2)
Definition
Unaware of benefits
Discomforts
Term
Sezuality in late adulthood (4)
Definition
Still important, continue patterns from earlier years, enjoy activites other than intercourse, cultural influences
Term
Primary aging (3)
Definition
Genetically influenced declines
affects all members of species
Even happens if health is good
Term
Secondary Aging (3)
Definition
Declines due to heredity and environmen
Effects individualized
Illnesses and disabilites
Term
Osteoarthritis (2)
Definition
Deteriorating cartilage in frequently used joints
Common, related to wear and tear
Term
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Definition
Autoimmune response, affects whole body
Inflamed connective tissues
Cartilage grows
Term
Adult-onset diabetes (3)
Definition
Too little insulin or cells insensitive to insulin
Increases in late adulthood
Ris of long-term damage
Term
Adult-onset diabetes: Risk of long-term damage
Definition
Circulartory system
Eyes, kidneys, nerves
Term
Dementia
Definition
thought and behavior impairments that disrupt everyday life
Term
Mental disabilities in late adulthood
Definition
Parkinson's disease, alzheimer's disease, cerebrovasuclar dementia
Term
Alzheimer's Disease: Incidence
Definition
Higher with age - nearly 50% over 80
Term
alzheimer's Disease: symptoms
Definition
Forgetting, disorientatoin, personality change, depressin, motor problems, delusions, speech problems, infections
Term
alzheimer's Disease: brain changes
Definition
neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid plaques in cerebral cortex
Term
alzheimer's Disease: Risk factors/protective factors
Definition
Genetic predispositions
High-fat diet. Mediterranean diet may help
Education,active lifestyle may help
Term
Deliberate memory
Definition
Recall more difficult
Term
Automatic memory
Definition
Recognition easier than recall
Implicit memory beter than deliberate
Term
Remote memory
Definition
very long-term recall
autobiographical memory
Term
Prospective memory
Definition
remembering to engage in planned actions
Event-based easier than time based
Use reminders, repetition to help
Term
Langauge processing in late adulthood (4)
Definition
comprehension changes very little
problems retrieving specific words
problems planning what to say
compensation
Term
Wisdom (6)
Definition
Depth and breadth of practical knowledge
Reflect on knowledge
Apply knowledge to improve life
Listening and evaluating
advice
Altruistic creativity
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