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Developmental Psychology
Final Exam
41
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
05/10/2011

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Cards

Term
4 Concepts of Age
Definition
1.Chronological
2.Biological
3.Psychological
4.Social
Term
Nature VS. Nurture
Definition
Nature- Development encouraged by genes.
Nurture-Development encouraged by environment.
Term
Theory Concepts
(a) Freud
(b) Erikson
(c) Piaget
(d) Vygotsky
(e) Skinner
(f) Bandura
Definition
(a)Psychosexual
(b)Psychosocial
(c)Cognitive (Organization & Adaptation)
(d) Sociocultural
(e) Operant
(f) Social Cognitive Theory
Term
gene
Definition
units of hereditary information
Term
genetic expression
Definition
activity of genes
Term
genotype
Definition
genetic material
Term
phenotype
Definition
observable characteristics
Term
sex-linked
Definition
mutations that effect the X chromosome
Term
3 Stages of Childbirth
Definition
(1)Contractions
(2)Birth
(3)Afterbirth
Term
(3)Stages of Pregnancy
Definition
1-Germinal
2-Embryonic
3-Fetal
Term
Teratogen
Definition
Something that creates birth defects
Term
What are the 2 ways to assess a newborn?
Definition
1- Brazilian Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)
2-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS)
Term
Low Birth Weight
Definition
Less than 5.5lbs
Term
Preterm
Definition
Born 3 weeks or more early
Term
Small-For-Date
Definition
Born 35 weeks or more after conception
Term
SIDS
Definition
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Term
Name 2 risks of SIDS
Definition
1- Low Birth Weight
2- Sleep Apnea
Term
3 Benefits of Breast Feeding
Definition
1- Fewer Allergies
2- Denser Bones
3- Lower % of SIDS
Term
What are the 4 Infant Reflexes?
Definition
1- Rooting
2- Sucking
3- Moro
4-Grasping
Term
Schemes
Definition
organize knowledge
Term
Assimilation
Definition
Use schemes to deal with information
Term
Accommodation
Definition
Adjust schemes to new information
Term
Object Permanence
Definition
knowing something exist without seeing, touching, or feeling.
Term
What are the 3 Infant Intelligence Testing Pioneers (and Systems)?
Definition
1-Brazelton (infant intelligence)
2-Gessel (Regular vs. Abnormal)
3-Fagan (Infant Information Processing)
Term
What are the 5-Rule Systems of Language?
Definition
1-Phonology (Sound)
2-Morphology (Word Formation)
3-Syntax (Phrases & Sentences)
4-Semantics (Meanings of Words)
5-Pragmatics (Contextual)
Term
Temperament
Definition
the way a person responds to something or someone.
Term
Classification of Temperament (3)
Definition
1- Easy
2- Difficult
3-Slow-to-warm-up
Term
Attachment
Definition
Close emotional bond between two people
Term
Briefly describe the experiment done by Harry Hartlow.
Definition
He constructed a wire and cloth mother monkey to show how comfort was linked with attachment in the baby monkies.
Term
What is the "Strange Situation" concept developed by Mary Ainsworth?
Definition
Introductions, Separations, and Reunions
Term
4 Concepts of Mary Ainsworth's study
Definition
1- Securely Attached
2- Insecure Avoidant
3- Insecure Resistant
4- Insecure Disorganized
Term
What are the three leading causes of death in infants?
Definition
1- Motor Vehicle Accidents
2- Drowning
3- Poisoning
Term
Name and Briefly Describe Piaget's 3 Preoperational Stages.
Definition
1- Egocentrism (inability to distinguish between one's perspective and another)
2- Animism (animation)
3- Conservation (altering substance doesn't change properties)
Term
What does ZPD stand for?
Definition
Zone of Proximal Distant Development
Term
Scaffolding
Definition
changing levels of support
Term
Self-Conscious Emotions
Definition
Emotions that make child aware of differences between others.
Term
Gender Identity
Definition
Sense of being male or female
Term
Baumrind's 4 Parenting Styles
Definition
1)Authoritarian-dictatorship;"my way or the highway"
(2)Authoritative-Parents are strict, but willing to negotiate.
(3)Neglectful- Uninvolved
(4)Indulgent-Very involved; places few limits.
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic Theory
Definition
1-Analytical
2-Creative
3-Practical
Term
Arnett's 5 features of emerging adulthood.
Definition
1-Identity
2-Instability
3-Self-Focus
4-In-Between
5-Possibility
Term
Piaget's Formal Operational Theory
Definition
Ability to make up situations and break from concrete operational theories.. (Adolescence)
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