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Developmental Psych
Ch 6-Language
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
10/07/2008

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Term
generativity
Definition
the idea that an infinite numner of ideas can be expressed with an inifinte number of sentences from our finite number of words
Term
phonemes
Definition
the smallest sound in a language, they distinguish meaning
Term
phonological development
Definition
acquisition of knowledge about the sound system of a language
Term
morphemes
Definition
combinations of phonemes, smallest units of meaning
Term
semantic development
Definition
the learning of the system for expressing meaning
Term
syntax
Definition
rules in a language that govern how words can be put together and in what order
Term
syntactic development
Definition
the learning of syntax
Term
pragmatic development
Definition
the acquisition of knowledge about how a language is used
Term
metalinguistic knowledge
Definition
understanding of the function and properties of a language
Term
infant-directed-speech
Definition
the specific tone of voice and facial expressions that adults use when talking to babies
Term
prosody
Definition
the characterisitc pattern with which a lang is spoken
Term
categorical perception
Definition
the perception of distinct categories of speech sounds
Term
voice onset time
Definition
the length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal chords start vibrating
Term
reference
Definition
associating words with meaning
Term
holophrastic period
Definition
the period when children use only one word at a time
Term
overextension
Definition
applying a word to a broader context than is appropriate
Term
style
Definition
the strategies that young children enilst in beginning to speak
Term
referential (analytical) style
Definition
a speech strategy that uses the analysis of a speech stream into phonetic sounds
Term
expressive (holistic) style
Definition
a speech strategy that analyzes the speech stream as a whole, as a pattern
Term
wait-and-see style
Definition
this speech strategy is used by children who speak quite late in development but have an extensive vocabulary
Term
fast mapping
Definition
the process of rapidly learning new words based on juxtaposition with familiar words
Term
pragmatic cues
Definition
aspects of the social context used for word learning
Term
syntactic bootstrapping
Definition
the strategy of using the context of a sentence to determine meaning
Term
telegraphic speech
Definition
the term for children's generic first two word sentences
Term
overregularization
Definition
speech errors that occur when children treat irregular forms of words as regular forms
Term
collective monologues
Definition
the tendency for children to talk to one another in disjointed topics of conversation
Term
narrative
Definition
five year olds are able to talk about the past in this story form
Term
universal grammar
Definition
a set of highly abstract and unconscious rules for lang
Term
modularity hypothesis
Definition
the idea that the brain contains a separate, innate lang module
Term
connectionism
Definition
a type of information processing that emph the simultaneous activity of interconnected units
Term
dual representation
Definition
the idea that a symbolic artifact must be mentally represented both as an object and a symbol at the same time
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