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Dev Psych Exam #4
aging
46
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/17/2009

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Cards

Term
Life Structure
Definition
underlying design of a person's life consisting of relationships with others
Term
Levinson's Seasons of Life said early adulthood is...
Definition
era of greatest energy and abundance, contradiction and stress.
Term
Sequence of Early Adulthood
Definition
Early Adult Transition (17-22; psychological/economic independence, dreams and mentors), Stable Phase (22-28; autonomous, intimacy) Age-30 Transition (28-33; re-evaluate), Stable Phase (33-40; settling down, career)
Term
Age-30 Transition
Definition
re-evaluate life structure. Men focus more on marriage, women more on career. Crisis for those without relationship or career. Men settle down, women instability.
Term
Social Clock
Definition
age graded expectations for major life events. not on clock causes lower self esteem.
Term
3 Types of Romantic Relationships with Attachment
Definition
secure= comfortable with intimacy, trust, happiness and friendship. avoidant= independence, mistrust, jealousy, distance, little physical pleasure. resistant= quick love, complete merging, jealousy, desperation, highs and lows.
Term
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love
Definition
3 components shift over time. INTIMACY, PASSION & COMMITMENT. Passionate is strong at start and fades while intimacy and commitment grow.
Term
Sequence of Family Life Cycle
Definition
early adulthood: leave home, marriage and children. middle adulthood: launch children. late adulthood: retirement and death of one's spouse.
Term
Traditional vs. Egalitarian Marriage
Definition
Traditional the woman cares for family and house, men support family. Egalitarian equal power, balance attention on career and family.
Term
Age in marriage
Definition
is most important predictor of success
Term
Choosing to have Children
Definition
70% of couples, family size has decreased. older when they have their first children.
Term
Changes in Parenthood
Definition
more traditional roles after first child, less traditional after 2nd, can strain struggled marriage
Term
Presbyopia
Definition
"old eyes" lens ability to adjust to objects at varying distances declines
Term
Presbycusis
Definition
"old hearing" 14%, hearing loss due to age. loss at high frequencies and men's declines earlier and faster.
Term
Weight in middle age
Definition
fat accumulates on upper abs and back (men) and waist and upper arms (women). muscle mass declines in 40s and 50s. bone loss begins in 30s and a lot in 50s.
Term
Climacteric
Definition
fertility declines. permimenopause is 10 year climacteric marked by drop in estrogen.
Term
Physical Menopause
Definition
avg. age is 51. reduction in estrogen and progesterone. risk of heart disease. weight gain, headaches, sexual responsiveness. not linked to irritability, sleep disturbances or depression.
Term
Psychological Menopause
Definition
women have fewer children today, minor physical symptoms, tied to beliefs and expectations.
Term
Hormone Replacement Theory
Definition
daily doses of estrogen (ERT) with progesterone (HRT). Increase in breast cancer, heart attacks, strokes, blood clots. Alzheimer's and cognitive declines. Reduces hot flashes, vaginal dryness, bone benefits.
Term
Hardiness
Definition
control of life, commitment to activities, challenge is normal and helps growth
Term
Fluid vs. Crystallized Intelligence
Definition
Fluid depends on basic information processing skills. (speed and memory). declines in early 20s. Crystallized is skills that depend on accumulated knowledge and experience, good judgment, influenced by culture, increases through middle adulthood.
Term
Seattle Longitudinal Study
Definition
middle ages adults are in their prime. gains in fluid and crystallized in early and middle adulthood. speed decreased 20s to 80s. fluid factors decreased more than crystallized.
Term
Individual Differences in Intelligence
Definition
45-60% stable unitl 70s, 10-15% increase until 70s, 30% declines by 60s.
Term
Valliant's Adaption to Life
Definition
20s devoted to intimacy, 30s career, 40s giving and guiding others, 50-60s culture and values, 70s spiritual and reflective
Term
Friendships in middle adulthood
Definition
women keep friends longer, more same-sex friends than men. other-sex are important but less common. more frequent for women in the work place.
Term
Dual Earner Families
Definition
both parents are employed, dominant family form today
Term
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Definition
giving, realized through child rearing, beyond yourself vs. placing yourself first, self-centered, lack of concern for young people
Term
Levinson's Middle Adult Season
Definition
midlife transition (40-45 time running out, evaluate, drastic or small changes.
Term
Levinson's Four Tasks of Middle Adulthood
Definition
young-old: what is important, destruction-creation: desire to be creative, masculinity-femininity: balance parts of self, engagement-separateness: balance with external world
Term
Possible Selves
Definition
future oriented representations of what one hopes to become and is afraid of becoming
Term
5 types of marriages
Definition
Conflict Habituated, devitalized (early years trouble), passive-congenial (general indifference), vital (genuine caring), total relationship
Term
Marriages Today
Definition
devitalized, conflicted, traditional, harmonious & vitalized. traditional: moderate satisfaction, poor sex life, poor communication, strong mutual religion
Term
Caring for aging parents
Definition
sandwich generation, stressful if in house )10%), social support is key
Term
Average Life Expectancy
Definition
78, women 4-7 years longer. active lifespan is amount of years of vigorous, healthy life.
Term
Centenarians
Definition
live past 100, supposed to increase, environment and lifestyle and heredity
Term
Alzheimer's Disease
Definition
structural and chemical brain deterioration, gradual loss of thought and behavior, neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques, abnormal breakdown of amyloid in brain
Term
Two types of Alzheimer's
Definition
Familial: early onset before 65, progresses rapidly. Sporadic: no family history
Term
Remote vs. Prospective Memory
Definition
remote is long term, autobiographical and recent events, prospective is remembering to engage in planned actions- event based is easier than time based tasks
Term
Deliberate vs. automatic Memory
Definition
deliberate is purposeful and requires more effort. automatic is unconscious and requires little effort.
Term
Selective Optimization with Compensation
Definition
choose personally valued activities and avoid others, devote resources to valued activities, find creative ways to overcome limitations
Term
Factors related to Cognitive Change
Definition
mentally active life, health, retirement, distance to death
Term
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Definition
feel whole, complete, satisfied w. life's achievements, psych. maturity. vs. many decisions were wrong, time too short, bitter, not accepting of death, anger at others
Term
Geotanscendence
Definition
cosmic and transcendent perspective directed forward and outward beyond self. inner calm and contentment, quiet reflection.
Term
Life Review
Definition
recall, reflect and reconsider meaning of past experience
Term
Labouvie-Vief's Emotional Expertise
Definition
affect optimization improves in old age. ability to maximize positive emotion.
Term
Religion in Late Adulthood
Definition
76% say religion is VERY important. not universal. cultural, SES & sex differences.
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