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Demodicosis
VM 610 Midterm
21
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
11/12/2012

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Term
Types of Mites
Definition
Demodex canis (class mite)
D. injai (long bodied mite)
D. corneii (short bodied mite)
Term
Demodex canis
Definition
normal flora of canine hair follicle
non-contagious
disease only occurs when mites are able to proliferate out of control
due to dysfunction of T-lymphocytes, hereditary, immune suppression
Term
Juvenile Onset Localized
Definition
less than 18 months
single to multiple erythematous patches of alopecia
face and forelegs
less than 6 lesions
Term
Generalized Disease
Definition
more than 12 lesions or involvement of an entire body region or of 2 or more feet
Term
Pustular Form
Definition
bacterial folliculitis leads to furunculosis leading to deep pyoderma
this can lead to cellulitis, sepsis, and death
Term
Pododemodicosis
Definition
very painful
often resistant to therapy
Term
Adult Onset Demodicosis
Definition
most cases started as juvenile but not diagnosed until much later
may have underlying immune suppression and may not be hereditary
have to distinguish between juvenile onset
Term
Adult Onset Demodicosis Causes
Definition
relapsed juvenile form
iatrogenic Cushing's
natural cushings
diabetes mellitus
hypothyroidism
lymphoma
neoplasia
Term
Demodicosis Diagnosis
Definition
deep skin scraping at mulitiple sites
scrape until bleeding
trichography for areas difficult to scrape
labwork for underlying disease
Term
Localized Demodicosis Treatment
Definition
watchful neglect
benzoyl peroxide
spay/neuter
monitor with skin scrapings to ensure no progression
Term
Generalized Demodicosis Treatment
Definition
insist on spay/neuter
can be extremely severe
some may never be cured
focus on pyodermas
antibiotics
weekly benzoyl peroxide shampoo
identification and resolution of underlying disease
avoid steroids in future
acaricidals
Term
Amitraz Dip
Definition
only licensed product for canine demodicosis
clip medium to long haired patients
monitor closely for toxicity
small dogs are at risk
drug interactions potentiate toxicity
Term
Ivermectin
Definition
high dose
titrate to target dose and screen for toxicity (mydriasis, hypersalivation, lethargy, ataxia, tremors, coma, death)
Term
Milbemycin
Definition
effective alternative
can use in avermectin sensitive dogs
Term
Reasons for Treatment Failure
Definition
inadequate pyoderma management
premature cessation of therapy
failure to identify underlying cause
Term
Feline Demodicosis
Definition
D. cati (follicular mite)
D. gaoit (surface mite)
Term
Demodex gatoi
Definition
short bodied mite
found in stratum corneum
contagious
Term
Demodex gatoi Signs
Definition
distributed on head, neck, elbows
alopecia, scale, erythemia, excessive grooming
Term
Demodex gatoi Treatment
Definition
stop glucocorticoid or progesterone
treat all in contact animals
lime sulfur dips
Term
Demodex cati
Definition
localized follicular demodicosis
rare
eyelids, head, neck
responds to lime sulfur
often self-limiting
Term
Demodex cati Treatment
Definition
manage pyoderma
lime sulfur
ivermectin
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