Shared Flashcard Set

Details

CV pathology
Assessment 1 - block 2
47
Pathology
Graduate
08/24/2011

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Anastomosis
Definition
two blood vessels supply the same area of tissue
Term
aneurysm
Definition
a sac formed by the dilation of a vascular wall
Term
angina pectoris
Definition
chest pain related to myocardial ischemia
Term
arrhythmia
Definition
irregular beating of the heart
Term
Aschoff body
Definition
an area of focal fibrinoid necrosis seen in ARF. This is surrounded by inflammatory cells and later resolves to form a scar.
Term
Atherosclerosis
Definition
disease of large or medium sized arteries in which the intimal lining of the vessels have increased lipid deposition leading to fibrosis and plaque formation.
Term
carcinoid heart disease
Definition
disease that affects only the right side of the heart leading to tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary stenosis
Term
cardiac tamponade
Definition
cardiac compression due to increased pericardial pressure
Term
cardiogenic shock
Definition
shock that results from decreased CO as a result of severe impairment of the heart
Term
cardiomyopathy
Definition
non-ischemic, non-valvular, non-hypertensive, non-infectious myocardial disease
Term
chronic ischemic heart disease
Definition
decreased oxygen flow to the myocardium of the heart over an extended period of time.
Term
coarctation of the aorta
Definition
congenital discreet narrowing of the aortic lumen
Term
conduction system of the heart
Definition
electrical system that conducts beat of the heart
Term
congenital heart disease
Definition
heart disease present at birth
Term
congestive heart failure
Definition
decreased cardiac output but maintained by compensatory mechanisms.
Term
cor pulmonale
Definition
right sided heart disease that results from a primary pulmonary process
Term
coronary artery disease
Definition
usually the result of atherosclerosis and can result in myocardial ischemia/infarct
Term
dextrocardia
Definition
rightward orientation of the base-apex axis of the heart
Term
diastole
Definition
the time in the cardiac cycle in which the heart is at rest (not contracted)
Term
ductus arteriosus
Definition
arterial continuation of the left pulmonary artery to the descending thoracic aorta
Term
Ebstein anomaly/malformation
Definition
downward displacement of an abnormal triscuspid valve into an underdeveloped right ventricle.
Term
Endocarditis
Definition
inflammation of the inner wall of the heart
Term
foramen ovale
Definition
opening between LA and RA in a fetus
Term
heart failure
Definition
inadequate systemic perfusion
Term
hemopericardium
Definition
blood in the pericardial cavity. Can be from ruptured MI, dissecting aneurysm, or trauma
Term
hypertrophy of the myocardium
Definition
cross-sectional diameter of the myocardial wall larger than 12μm.
Term
Pressure overload (↑ afterload)
Definition
Results in addition of cardiomyocytes in parallel
Term
Volume overload (↑ preload)      
Definition
Results in addition of cardiomyocytes in series
Term
ischemic heart disease
Definition
heart disease characterized by decreased oxygen supply to the myocardium.
Term
mitral valve prolapse
Definition
leaflets of the mitral valve do not close properly. usually congenital
Term
myocardial infarct
Definition
death of the muscular wall of the heart. Usually the result of ischemia, CAD
Term
myocarditis
Definition
myocardial inflammation of non-ischemic and non-rejection origin associated with cardiac dysfunction
Term
necrosis
Definition
cell death
Term
Pancarditis
Definition
inflammation of the three cardiac layers (endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium)
Term
Pericarditis
Definition
inflammation of the pericardial sac(visceral [epicardium], parietal, or both)
Term
reperfusion injury
Definition
cell injury caused by oxygen free radicals after blood is restored to a tissue bed that has been ischemic
Term
regurgitation
Definition
reversal of flow caused by failure of the valve to close completely
Term
rheumatic fever
Definition
post-streptococcal immune-mediated disease caused by cross-reactive antigens
Term
stenosis
Definition
obstruction due to failure of the valve to open completely thereby inhibiting forward flow
Term
sudden cardiac death
Definition
results from ventricular tachycardia progressing to V-fib.
Term
systole
Definition
the part of the cardiac cycle during which the heart is contracted
Term
tetralogy of Fallot
Definition
congenital VSD, dextroposition of aorta, pulmonic stenosis, and RVH
Term
transposition of great vessels
Definition
congenital aorta in the RV and pulmonary artery in the LV
Term
truncus arteriosus
Definition
congenital single blood vessels coming out of the left and right ventricles
Term
unstable angina
Definition
angina that occurs with little to no exertion, prevents a person from doing activities, and needs to be addressed
Term
verruca
Definition
vegetations seen esp in rheumatic endocarditis. Made of platelets, fibrin, microorganisms, and inflammatory cells
Term
libman-sachs syndrome
Definition
nonbacterial endocarditis seen in SLE
Supporting users have an ad free experience!