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CTC Fundamentals test 5 Chp. 24
Diagnostic test lab values
39
Nursing
Not Applicable
02/06/2012

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Term

What test gives Information about one's state of health or presence of illness?

 

Definition
Complete blood count (CBC)
Term
The separation of blood and the amount of blood cells in relation to the amount of plasma
Definition
Hematocrit
Term
What test the Capacity of blood to transport oxygen from lungs to tissues?
Definition
Hemoglobin
Term
What is Essential to blood clotting?
Definition
Platelets
Term
Bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
Used to test??
Definition
Liver function
Term
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels used to test for
Definition
Kidney Dysfunction
Term
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)is used to test for...
Definition
damage to striated and heart muscle
Term
Used to diagnose both viral and bacterial diseases or determine antibody levels for:
Dysentery, rheumatic fever, typhoid, influenza, rubella, and syphilis...
(also used to determine titers)
Definition
Serology Test
Term
Detect minute particles of protein in the blood
Definition
Radioimmunoassays
Term
Provides information about kidney function or other body functions and diseases
Definition
Urinalysis:
Single, catheterized, or random specimens
Midstream specimens
Timed, long-period specimens

Urine deteriorates quickly and should be tested soon after collection
Term
Records the reflection of sound waves directed into the tissues Used to diagnose pathologic conditions of: Uterus, ovaries, prostate, heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas, gallbladder, lymph nodes, thyroid, eyes, and peripheral blood vessels Often used in conjunction with nuclear medicine scans
Definition
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Term
Produces image of the denser tissues by passing rays through the part to expose a film
Definition
X-RAY (MOST COMMON)
Term
X-rays passed through the body part and projected on a fluorescent screen
EXAMINES MOVEMENT
Definition
Fluoroscopy
Term
Adding a video camera to the Fluoroscope equipment and making a photographic record of the procedure
Definition
Cineradiography
Term
NAME 3 TYPES OF Commonly performed radiology procedures
Definition
Chest x-ray
Barium swallow and upper GI series
KUB (kidneys, ureters, and bladder)
Gallbladder series
IVP (intravenous pyelogram)
X-ray of bony skeleton
Arthrogram
Myelogram
Radionuclide scan
Computed tomography (CT) scan
Term

Computer enhanced x-rays that allows examination of horizontal sections of the body at various angles to define tissue density

*noninvasive

*Consent may be req. for scans with Contrast

Definition
Computed Tomography CT Scan
Term
*Noninvasive method of differentiating normal from abnormal tissue in the body
*Commonly used for the brain, knee joint, spine and spinal cord, and abdominal organs
*Patients with metal devices implanted in the body cannot undergo this procedure because the machine emits a strong magnetic field
Definition
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MRI Scan

PT. teaching very important b4 procedure; about duration and noisy environment
PT. may become claustrophobic
Term
Diagnoses heart rhythms and heart disease; measures electrical activity of the heart
Consists of waves and lines that represent the electrical activity during the cardiac cycle
P waves, QRS complex, and T wave
Vessel and valvular dysfunction detection
Definition
EKG/ECG
Echocardiogram
Term
Determines function of heart, valves, coronary circulation
Readings from oxygen concentration at different sites, pressure in diff heart chambers, and cardiac output
*Abnormal blood flow through the heart and the coronary vessels can be detected
Surgical aseptic techniques used
Definition
Cardiac catheterization
Term
Locate lesions, occluded vessels, tumors, and malformed blood vessels
Contrast medium injected into an artery and x-rays taken of the dye spreading through the vessels
Used to diagnose problems in arteries anywhere in the body: heart, neck, brain, or extremities
Definition
Angiography and arteriography
Term

Measures heart rate and BP responses to clinically controlled active exercises while monitored by ECG

*Used to diagnose heart capacity, to guide convalescence from a myocardial infarction, and to determine response to medical treatment

Definition
Stress test
Term
Provides information about respiratory function, lung capacity, and diffusion of gases
*Spirometers and other breathing devices used
*No special preparation is required
Definition
Pulmonary function test (PFT)
Term
*Visual inspection of upper digestive tract and stomach
*Obtain specimens of gastric contents and perform a biopsy on the stomach tissues
*Local anesthetic is sprayed on the pharynx, and a gastroscope is passed to the stomach…*note when gag reflex returns
*Some take color photographs
*Washings done 4 specimens (cytology studies or a biopsy)
Definition
Gastroscopy
Term
*Visual inspection of lower bowel to check lining 4 ulcerations, polyps, tumors, inflammation, and other abnorm. *Sigmoidoscope is used *Air may be introduced to inflate lower bowel to view the wall, and biopsy forceps may be used to remove specimen
Definition
Proctosigmoidoscopy
Term
*Inspection of the entire large intestine for polyps, areas of inflammation, and malignant lesions *Endoscope inserted anally and slowly advanced through the large intestine
*Should not be done sooner than 10-14 days after barium GI studies
Definition
Colonoscopy
Term
*Cystoscope through the urethra (Inspection of the interior of bladder)
*4 Collection of biopsy specimens, urine sep.from each ureter, & treatment of various conditions
Definition
Cystoscopy
Term
*Used to identify cause of biliary obstruction such as stricture, cyst, stones, or tumor
*Endoscope is inserted through the mouth and into the duodenum w/ intravenous sedation
* catheter is inserted into the pancreatic duct and a contrast injected, X-rays are taken
Definition
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Term
What is this called ?
*To obtain bone marrow, liver cells, spinal fluid, abdominal fluid, or fluid in the chest cavity
*Usually performed bedside or in a procedure room by the physician
*Essential 4 patient remain still
(Usually painful during and after)
Definition
Aspirations
Term
*Tracing of the brain waves
(Neurologic and physiologic activity produces electrical charges measured as brain waves)
Localize and diagnose brain lesions, scars, epilepsy, infections, blood clots, and abscesses
*Also to determine brain death in comatose patients on life support systems
With Electrodes attached to scalp with skin glue or paste, or a mesh cap containing the 19 to 25 electrodes is placed on the head
Definition
Electroencephalography
Term
All invasive tests requiring injection of a contrast medium or Tests requiring premedication or sedation require WHAT??
Definition
A Consent
Term
Glucose lvl w/ FBS should range from?
and a regular blood sugar should not go over?
Definition
70-110mg/dl
norm blood sugar not over 150mg/dl
Term
During urinalysis.... A good reading for glucose should be?
Definition
Negative
Term
Serum electrolytes: (K) Potassium
Range should be within
Definition
3.5 - 5.0
Term
During urinalysis....The PH should range from ???
Definition
4.6 - 8.0
Term
PH for arterial blood gases (ABG) should range??
Definition
7.35-7.45
Term
C- Reactive protein (CRP)is a test for?
and it's range should be ?
Definition
Cardiac enzymes and should be <.8
Term
Prothrombin Time (PT) control range should be? International Normalized Ratio(INR)and PT are what type of studies? For what common drug?
Definition
9.0 - 12.5 sec Control Coagulation studies Coumadin
Term
24 hr urine Chemistry:
Creatine Range is ??
Definition
0.8 - 2.0 g/day
Term
24 hr urine Chemistry:
(K) Potassium
Definition
25-120 mEq/L/Day
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