Details Title: Criminology Description: Exam 3 Total Flash Cards: 60 Created: 04/14/2009 07:15:59		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Sociology Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term James Byrd Jr. Killing Definition beaten, spray painted, chained and dragged 2 miles, decapitated Term This Hate crime characteristics Definition excessively brutal, interchangeability, multiple offenders Term 3 men Definition king, and brewer, each get life, berry-life in prison Term Siegals defin. of hate crime Definition violent acts directed toward particular person or members of group merely beacuase targets share discernable racial, ethnic, religious, or gender characteristics Term Harlow Definition an ordinary crime becomes a hate crime when offenders choose a victim because of some characteristic, evidence provided that something prompted them such as race, ethnicity, religion, Term mass culture expression of hate Definition art, music lyrics, religion, humor Term stereotypes, product is what? Definition justify hate crimes in mind of perpetrater, dehuminzies victim in their eyes. Term Types of Hate crime: Definition trill-seeking-no particular reason, looking to harass those who are different, psychological payoff-trill to see someone suffer, social payoff:friends approve, groups-provide sense of security Defensive Hate Crimes: reaction to waht perpetrator considers precipitating or triggering inscident to serve as a cataylyst for expression of their anger:see as personal threat mission: wanting to rid of certain evil, higher order purpose ex: marc lepine: killed 14 women-took his place Term interchangeability of victims Definition within group, vulnerable could be anyone with trait secondary victimization: can't go to police because probably won't help Term Hate crime statistics act Definition 1990-law requires data be gathered about crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity type of act groups: race/ethnicity/race/sexual orrientation/1994added diabled/gender Term NCVS requires what for it to be a hate crime? Definition corrobarting evidence Term public order crimes Definition category of crimes also called as consensual crimes, vice crimes, public-order, and victimless crimes Term conflict=public order crimes Definition do they do bad or good influence police/official corruption lead consensual offenders to commit other types of crime public disrespect of law time, money, energy of law away from more serious offense provide revenue for organized crime Term drug Definition substance pysiologically affecting behavior changing mood, perception, or mental states Term legal drugs Definition 66% of high schoolers use, 82% use 44% bing drink Term illegal-60% 18-25 have tried illegal drug, drug of choice? Definition marijuana Term explanation of illegal drug use Definition economic deprivation-escape thrill-fun, passes time Term Borgois-drug selling Definition in search of respect-good money fast -don't realize still same pay as working in burger joint-just think mcdonald's is minial, looked down upon working conditions still bad Term delinquency causes drugs or drugs cause delinquency Definition delinquency causes drugs Term pro-legalizaition Definition drug laws create crime and problems they are intended to stop drug laws cost money to enforce and many use drug laws fill prisions are good for organized crime causes disrespect of law create opportunities for official corruption tax civil liberties Term anti-legalization Definition reduce illegal drug use Term prostitution Definition sex for money or other economic gain Term in U.S. how much prostitution Definition 70,000 full-time women-clients normally not arrested just women Term Chesney-Lind-why enter prostitution Definition running away, economic survivial =then only sexual access feel worth -then find worth and wanting it because seen as player Term Sheri example Definition 12 years old-already raped by 5 men -father drunk =had 9 siblings -ends up with pimp who buys her stuff =put in foster hom Term function of prostitution Definition seen as sexual outlet and help those without partner Term legalizaiton debate Definition 2 consenting adults right now hidden population source of money for underworld spreads diseases because not clean nevada legal cons-sends message that okay-gives legitimization-okay also to make women victim Term model of prostitution-jolin Definition promiscutiy-chastity=inequality male-sexuality includes promiscuity women-chastity and purity men-have pwoer to enforce both double standard Term prostitution as worker Definition freedom of choice=ecomomic issue -not anyones place to say what adults can and can't do Term thrasher-gang definition Definition a gange is an interstitial group(close in space) formed spontaneously and then integrated through conflict no illegal activity mentioned Term miller Definition organizaitonal characteristics and dynamics-well developed authority-specific purpose and involves violence Term finn-aage esbensen Definition gang has certain elements-violence, more than 2 people (12-24), sense of identiyt, symbols and clothes association, confined to area Term vertical gangs Definition hierarchal-authority Term horizontal Definition set of members, ex: bloods and crips Term shakur Definition monster-right of passage-helps steal car, then kills bloods-8 shots stomps on man, di-at end will give anything to kill and reach standard to reach top-must make a name for yourself must make name for group and be associated with group name Term cycle of violence(wisdome) Definition when abused children become abusers and when victims of violence become violent offenders-higher probabiity Term physical abuse Definition individual knowlingly and willingfully inflict some corporal or unneccesary suffering to child or children Term neglect Definition no medical attention, food or shelter presumed to have no real guardian or parent Term s Definition Term sexual abuse Definition involves a variety of charges ranging from relatively non-specific ones-assault and battery with intent to gratify sexual desires or more specific-fondling and touching obscene manner- Term wisdom's findings Definition physical abuse or neglect of child makes them more likely to be in cylce sexual assault-same probabilty of doing or not doing as person who wasn't assaulted Term carolyn thomas Definition domestic violence, shot in face, 11 reconstructive surgeries Term 2 types of domestic violence Definition patriarchal terrorism-makes person feel like nothing, isolates them from friends, take moeny, assymetrical relationship common couple violence-same mistreatment of others-women hitting men(more likely) Term types of violence in families Definition intimitate partner or domestic violence child maltreatment sibling maltreatment Term family as social institution Definition way roles work in families, behind closed doors product of system Term characteristics of families Definition 1) close proximity to each other 2) privacy-in home no one there to stop 3) intense reactions 4)belief of right to influence 5) certian age and sexual rights 6)people in certain roles because of age or sex 7) impingining activities-always winner and lower range of activities-have levels of interactions involuntary membership stress knowledge of person's background Term terrorism Definition usually involves a political crime that emphasizes violence as means to promote change Term types of terrorism Definition revolutionary-use violence to frighten those in power to replace existing govern political-directed at gropus who oppose political ideology nationalist-promotes interest of minority group that has been prosecuted under majorotiy rule cause-based-ave social or religious cause, use violence to attrract followers to their standard enviornmental-expand habitat, may even burn to show counterproductive state-sponsered-terror to scare citizens Term political violence Definition deliberate targeting of more or less randomley selected victims whose deaths and injuries are expected to weak then opponent's will to persist in political conflict Term form of communication Definition communication that problem exists Term social construction Definition an interpretation of events, stigmatizaiton between groups in conflict Term socializaation into terrorism Definition educated and affluent -exposed to ideologies justifying terrorism -learn to accept when nonviolence isn't working Term Black's def. of terrorism Definition -pure terrorism-social control-handling of grievance with aggression -quasi-warfare, unilateral, targets civilians -1 group trying to hurt other geomentry of terrorism0need right geogmetry for term. to exist social distance-greater distance, greater violence, but close enough to encrouch on space physical distance-particular location techonology-helps short term, ut long term-closer contactcan decrease violence Term USA patriot act, department of homeland security Definition sept. 11, set up to prevent attacks,more monitoring and perso to domestic law encourcpent Term white collar crime Definition crime committed by person of respectability Term occupational white collar crime Definition done in work place, personal gain Term organization crime or corporate crime Definition financial, cheating, corruption(enron) violence-workers unsafe Term cost of white collar crime Definition 800 billion, 112,000 deaths Term explanations Definition amr. dream-success social capital learning theories and culture or corporate am. relationships and networks street crimes there is less social capital Term prevention/reduction Definition media budgets for regulatory agencies compliance vs. deterrence award peole for not doing it detterance-punish people who do