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COMPS Contraceptives
Contraceptive Options adult
26
Nursing
Graduate
04/01/2015

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Cards

Term
Progesterone abbrevs
Definition
Nor, estrol, or gestrol
Term
Which cancers do oral contraceptives protect from?
Definition
- ovarian and endometrial
Term
ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS - oral conraceptives (9)
Definition
1. History of thromboembolic disorders
2. Hx of CVA
3. CAD
4. Known or suspected breast carcinoma
5. Known or suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia
6. Pregnancy
7. Benign or malignant liver tumor; impaired liver function
8. Previous cholelithiasis during pregnancy
9. Undiagnosed, abnormal uterine bleeding
Term
progestin-only pills are for who?
Definition
- breast feeding, migraine women, or contraindication to combo pills
Term
Adverse effects - OCPs (8)
Definition
1. Abnormal menstrual bleeding
2. Amenorrhea/hypermenorrhea
3. Birth defects
4. Cancer - breast
5. HTN
6. Progestins - weight gain, increased appetite, fatigue, depression, acne, hirsutism
7. Estrogen - nausea, edema, breast tenderness
8. thromboembolic disorders - especially in heavy smokers
Term
Excess estrogen trilogy
Definition
nausea, edema, breast tenderness
Term
OCPs drug-drug interactions
Definition
- antibiotics and anticonvulsants decrease effectiveness of OCP
- OCS decrease effectiveness of warfarin, insulin, and certain hypoglycemics
Term
DO NOT give OCPs to?
Definition
- AMA, smoking, and hypertensive
Term
Nuvaring
Definition
Use: put in once a month for 21 days EXACTLY, put in a new on EXACT SAME DAY OF THE WEEK
** can be out for 3 hours

1. Releases synthetic estrogen and progestin (etonogestrel), providing pregnancy protection for 1 month
2. Release of hormones is activated by vaginal contact
3. Prevents ovulation; thickens the cervical mucus, inhibiting sperm penetration
4. May alter the endometrium to affect implantation
5. no other vaginal device can be used as backup method
6. may worse depression
Term
Ortho Evra
Definition
Use: apply on arm, butt, torso, or abdomen, replace every week, then no patch on the last week
*can only be out for 24 hours
*Reduced effectiveness in women >90 kg
*DO NOT APPLY ON BREASTS

- releases synthetic estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and progestin (norelgestromin) to prevent pregnancy
- primarily prevents ovulation
Term
Depo-Provera (DMPA)
Definition
Use: Deep IM injection every 3 months w/ 2 week grace period, if greater than that...PREGNANCY TEST
*- REDUCTION IN BONE DENSITY
- DELAYED RETURN OF FERTILITY

- long acting progestin
- Suppresses FSH and LH, thus blocking the LH surge, which will inhibit ovulation
- thickens cervical mucus which interferes with sperm transport and penetration
- alters the endometrium by creating a thin, atrophic lining
Term
Which has delayed return of fertility
Definition
- depo-provera
Term
Implanon
Definition
Use: arm every 3 years
- etonogestrel - PROGESTIN ONLY
- decreased anemia, scant or absent menses
- decreased menstrual cramps/ovulatory pain
- decreases risk of endometrial cancer
Term
IUD: types and usage
Definition
1. Copper-releasing (Paragard): a T-shaped plastic device wrapped with fine copper wire; can remain in the uterus up to 10 years

2. Progestin-Releasing (Mirena): A T-shaped plastic device also known as a levonorgestrel-relasing intrauterine system; can remain in the uterus up to 5 years

- insert anytime during cycle; expulsion greater during menses
- can insert 4-8 weeks postpartum
- Mirena: 2 week grace period, use backup
Term
IUD: notes
Definition
- Mirena may decrease menstrual loss and dysmenorrhea and CAN PREVENT ASHERMAN's SYNDROME
- pain and cramping may occur (up to 40% of removals is due to this)
- Pregnancy: spontaneous abortion in up to 50% of cases if left in, ectopic in 5% of users
- risk of PID is highest in first 6 weeks after insertion
Term
Diaphragm/cervical cap
Definition
- dome-shaped latex rubber cup, barrier
- NEEDS TO BE REFITTED IF weight gain EXCEEDS 20 LBS
- must be left in vagina for at least 6 hours following sex
- for repeat intercourse: do NOT remove diaphragm, instill spermicide
- OTC
Term
Sponge
Definition
Use: * Use cord loop attachment
- 6-6-12 hour rule
- insert 6 hours before, leave in for 6 hours, provides protection for up to 12 hours
- DO NOT LEAVE IN FOR MORE THAN 30 HOURS

- disposable, round barrier or soft polyurethane which fits over the cervix, similar to a diaphragm, containing spermicides
Term
Condoms: notes
Definition
- STD protection is ONLY for latex
- failure rate: male = 12%, female = 21%
- leave 1/2 inch of empty space at end of condom
- effectiveness is increased if used with spermicide
Term
Emergency Contraception: 2 types
Definition
1. Levonorgestrel (Plan B): morning after pill
- OTC, w/o prescription for 17 years of age and older
- those under 17 need a prescription
- should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse
- NO abortion
- lots of nausea
- changes of next period: may increase length

2. IUD: COPPER IUD
- MUST BE INSERTED WITHIN 5-6 DAYS OF INTERCOURSE
- WAY more effective
Term
Natural FP: Types (5)
Definition
1. Calendar method
2. Basal Body Temperature (BBT) graph
3. Cervical mucus test (Billings test)
4. Symptothermal Method
5. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (prolonged breast feeding)
Term
Calendar method
Definition
- serial cycles, identifying longest and shortest cycles
- SUBTRACT 18 days from shortest cycle (earliest day of fertility) and 11 days from longest cycle (latest day of fertility)
Term
Basal Body Temperature Graph (BBT)
Definition
- record daily BBT prior to rising in AM over a 3-4 month period
- temp drops 12-24 hours prior to ovulation; rises following ovulation due to production of progesterone
**avoid sex from 2-3 days before expected drop to about 3 days after rise
Term
Cervical Mucus Test (Billings test)
Definition
- record changes in cervical mucus (Spinnbarkeit) over 3-4 month period
- notice when mucus changes from scant and thick amounts to thin, with increasing Spinnbarkeit
**abstain from time of mucus change until approximately 4 days after change (mucus will resume thickness)
Term
Symptothermal Method
Definition
- combines both basal body temperature and cervical mucus techniques
Term
Lactational Amenorrhea Method (prolonged breast-feeding)
Definition
- breastfeeding often delays the onset of ovulation and menstruation for about 6 months
Term
DANGER SIGNS WITH OCPs
Definition
ACHES
- Abdominal pain, Chest pain, Headaches, Eye problems, Severe leg pain
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