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Constitution Test
Flashcards to review for the constitution test. Napier.
57
History
8th Grade
01/05/2010

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Cards

Term
Who makes up the national/federal/central government?
Definition
The President, Congress and Supreme Court.
Term
What caused Shay's Rebellion?
Definition
Massachusetts farmers had to pay extremely high taxes and the federal government could not intervene under the Articles of Confederation. The farmers’ property was being auctioned off and they were being put in prison if they could not pay the taxes.
Term
What was the effect of Shay's Rebellion?
Definition
One of the main reasons the federal government called the Constitutional Convention to relook at the Articles of Confederation.
Term
What year was the US Constitution written?
Definition
1787
Term
Great Compromise
Definition
- said that representation in the House of Representatives would be based on population and that each state would get 2 senators in the Senate
- solved the debate over representation
Term
3/5's Compromise
Definition
solved the debate over slaves counting towards population; said that 3/5 of all slaves would be counted towards the state’s population
Term
Federalist
Definition
political party that supported a strong federal government & didn’t see a need for a Bill of Rights
Term
Anti-Federalists
Definition
political party that supported limiting the federal government’s power and wanted a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution
Term
What rights did the Magna Carta give English citizens?
Definition
trial by jury, could not be taxed unless approved by council, and property could not be seized by the king or officials
Term
What "grievances" were listed in the Declaration of Independence?
Definition
quartered troops in colonists home, King did not allow colonists to be represented in Parliament, Judges were controlled by the King, and King had too much power
Term
What are the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Definition
no chief executive, too much power given to the states, national government could not tax, no national court system
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
the individual rights of the people and is the first 10 Amendments of the Constitution
Term
Why did a take awhile for the Constitution to be ratified?
Definition
Some people were worried that the Federal Government had to much power and wanted a Bill of Rights added to protect individual rights.
Term
Amendments
Definition
changes to the Constitution; this allows the Constitution to adapt through the years
Term
1st Amendment
Definition
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Petition, and Assembly
Term
13th Amendment
Definition
Abolishes Slavery
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
Defines citizenship and rights of citizens
Term
15th Amendment
Definition
Right to vote cannot be based on race, color, or servitude
Term
What are three main issues that were debated at the Constitutional Convention?
Definition
1) How votes/representatives in Congress would be decided
2) If slaves would count toward population
3) Whether the state or federal government would have more power
Term
How many articles did the original Constitution have?
Definition
7
Term
What caused political parties to form?
Definition
Disagreement over state and federal powers in the government.
Term
What gave America their freedom from Britain?
Definition
Declaration of Independence
Term
What sets out the laws and principles of the US Government today?
Definition
the Constitution
Term
The legislative branch is also known as:
Definition
Congress
Term
What is the main job of the Legislative Branch
Definition
to make laws
Term
The Legislative Branch is made up of what two groups
Definition
Senate and House of Representatives
Term
Representatives in the House of Representatives are based on:
Definition
state's population
Term
What is the main role of the Executive Branch?
Definition
To carry out the laws
Term
The Executive Branch is made-up of the
Definition
President and Vice-President
Term
Judicial Bracnh is made up of the
Definition
Supreme Court
Term
The main role of the Judicial Branch is to
Definition
interpret the laws
Term
Marbury v. Madison is known for giving the Supreme Court what?
Definition
Judicial Review
Term
Judicial Review
Definition
Supreme Court determines if a law is valid by looking at the Constitution
Term
McCulloch v. Maryland said that
Definition
Congress has more power than those defined in the Constitution
Term
Gibbons v. Ogden said that
Definition
federal laws overrule state laws
Term
Civic Virtue
Definition
A quality a person has in which he helps out in politics and puts his country before his own needs
Term
Civil Disobedience
Definition
To protest laws in a peaceful way
Term
Unalienable Rights
Definition
Rights that every human bein possesses and cannot be taken away
Term
Suffrage
Definition
the right to vote
Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition
where the people rule a country; gov. gets its power from the people; people are the final authority
Term
Examples of popular sovereignty
Definition
People getting to vote directly for their leaders and having a say in the laws
Term
Checks and Balances
Definition
each branch of government has a way to control the other brances so that no one can abuse their powers
Term
Examples of Checks and Balances
Definition
President can be impeached
President can veto laws made by Congress
Supreme Court can rule laws unconstitutional
Term
Federalism
Definition
Power is divided between the federal and state governments.
Powers not given to the federal government belong to the states.
Term
Republicanism
Definition
Principle of government where people exercise their power by voting for their political leaders and representatives.
Term
Seperation of Powers
Definition
powers of US government are divided among Three Branches so no one person or group has too much power.
Term
Ratification
Definition
Approval
Term
Northwest Ordinance
Definition
A system that was created to admit new states into the union.
Term
2nd Amendment
Definition
Right to Bear Arms: citizens have the right to own guns
Term
3rd Amendment
Definition
quartering of troops: a person cannot be forced to house soldiers
Term
4th Amendment
Definition
No searches and seizures without a warrant or probable cause
Term
5th Amendment
Definition
Rights of the accused:
No double jeopardy: cannot be tried twice for the same crime
No self-incrimination: a person does not have to testify against themselves
Due process: a person’s rights must be given to them
Eminent domain: if the government seizes someone’s land then the government must pay the person the value of the land
Cannot be charged for a crime unless there is an indictment by the grand jury
Term
6th Amendment
Definition
Must be a speedy trial
Must have an impartial jury
Must be informed of the charge
Right to cross examine the prosecution’s witnesses
Right to have a witness in his/her favor
Right to council (lawyer)
Location of trial must be fair
Term
7th Amendment
Definition
Deals with civil cases and trials
Defendant must be given the option of a jury trial if the amount in question exceeds $20
Term
8th Amendment
Definition
No excessive bail
No cruel and unusual punishment
Term
9th Amendment
Definition
People have other rights that are not listed in the Constitution
Term
10th Amendment
Definition
States’ Rights: powers not given to the federal government belong to the states
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