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Conducting Terms & Transpositions
exactly what it says.
240
Music
Undergraduate 3
11/06/2012

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Term
C Piccolo
Definition
1 octave higher
Term
English Horn
Definition
P5 lower
Term
E-flat Clarinet
Definition
m3 HIGHER
Term
B-flat Clarinet
Definition
M2 lower
Term
A Clarinet
Definition
m3 lower
Term
Alto Clarinet
Definition
M6 lower
Term
Bass Clarinet
Definition
M9 lower
Term
EE-flat Contra-Alto Clarinet
Definition
M6 plus octave lower
Term
BB-flat Contrabass Clarinet
Definition
M16 lower (two octaves plus M2 lower)
Term
Contrabassoon
Definition
octave lower
Term
Soprano Saxophone
Definition
M2 lower
Term
Alto Saxophone
Definition
M6 lower
Term
Tenor Saxophone
Definition
M9 lower
Term
Baritone Saxophone
Definition
M6 plus octave lower
Term
F Horn
Definition
P5 lower
Term
C Trumpet
Definition
concert pitch
Term
B-flat Trumpet
Definition
M2 lower
Term
D Trumpet
Definition
M2 HIGHER
Term
B-flat Piccolo Trumpet
Definition
m7 HIGHER
Term
String Bass
Definition
octave lower
Term
Celesta
Definition
octave HIGHER
Term
Orchestra Bells
Definition
two octaves HIGHER
Term
Italian: flauto piccolo ottavino German: keine Flöte French: petite flûte
Definition
piccolo
Term
Italian: flauto German: Flöte, grosse Flöte French: flûte
Definition
flute
Term
Italian: oboe German: Oboe or Hoboe French: hautbois
Definition
oboe
Term
Italian: Corno Inglese German: Englisch Horn French: cor anglais
Definition
English horn
Term
Italian: clarinetto German: Klarinette French: clarinette
Definition
clarinet
Term
Italian: clarinetto basso German: Bassklarinette French: clarinette basse
Definition
bass clarinet
Term
Italian: fagotto German: Fagott French: basson
Definition
bassoon
Term
Italian: contrafagotto German: Kontrafagott French: contre-basson
Definition
contrabassoon
Term
Italian: sassofone German: Saxophon French: saxophone
Definition
saxophone
Term
Italian: corno German: Horn French: cor
Definition
horn
Term
Italian: tromba German: Trompete French: trompette
Definition
trumpet
Term
Italian: cornetto German: Kornett French: cornet à piston
Definition
cornet
Term
Italian: flicorno German: Bugle French: bugle
Definition
Flugelhorn
Term
Italian: trombone German: Posaune French: trombone
Definition
trombone
Term
Italian: baritone saxhorn German: Baryton French: basse à piston
Definition
euphonium
Term
Italian: tuba di basso German: Basstuba French: tuba basse
Definition
tuba
Term
Italian: timpani German: Pauken French: timbales
Definition
timpani or kettledrums
Term
Italian: silofone German: Sylophon French: sylophone
Definition
xylophone
Term
Italian: marimba German: Marimba French: marimba
Definition
marimba
Term
Italian: campanelli German: Glockenspiel French: jeu de timbres, carillon
Definition
glockenspiel
Term
Italian: vibrafono German: Vibraphon French: vibraphone
Definition
vibraphone
Term
Italian: campane German: Glocken French: cloches
Definition
bells or chimes
Term
Italian: tamburo German: kleine Trommel French: tambour, caisse claire
Definition
snare drum
Term
Italian: tamburo German: Rührtrommel French: tambour
Definition
field drum
Term
Italian: (gran) cassa German: grosse Trommel French: grosse caisse
Definition
bass drum
Term
Italian: piatti German: Becken French: cymbales
Definition
cymbals
Term
Italian: piatto sospeso German: hängendes Becken French: cymbale suspendé
Definition
suspended cymbal
Term
Italian: tam-tam German: Tam-tam French: tam-tam
Definition
gong or tam-tam
Term
Italian: triangolo German: Triangel French: triangle
Definition
triangle
Term
Italian: tamburino German: Schellentrommel, Tambourin French: tambour (de Basque)
Definition
tambourine
Term
Italian: castagnette German: Kastagnetten French: castagnettes
Definition
castanets
Term
Italian: raganella German: Ratsche French: crécelle
Definition
rattle or ratchet
Term
Italian: cassa di legno German: Holzkaste French: bloc de bois
Definition
wood block
Term
Italian: campanelli di bacca German: Heerdenglocken French: grelots de vaches
Definition
cowbells
Term
Italian: sonaglia German: Schellen French: grelots
Definition
sleighbells
Term
Italian: frusta German: Peitsche French: fouret
Definition
slapstick or whip
Term
Italian: celesta German: Celesta French: célesta
Definition
celesta
Term
Italian: arpa German: Harfe French: harpe
Definition
harp
Term
 Italian: violino German: Violine French: violon
Definition
violin
Term
Italian: viola German: Bratsche French: alto
Definition
viola
Term
Italian: violoncello German: Violoncell French: violoncelle
Definition
violoncello or cello
Term
Italian: contrabasso German: Kontrabass French: contrebasse
Definition
double bass
Term
am Steg (German)
Definition
at the bridge of a stringed instrument
Term
an dem Griffbrett (German)
Definition
play stringed instruments on the fingerboard
Term
a punto d'arco (Italian)
Definition
with the point of the bow
Term
archet (French)
Definition
with the bow
Term
arco (Italian)
Definition
with the bow
Term
Bogen (Bog.) (German)
Definition
with the bow
Term
corda (Italian)
Definition
string
Term
détaché (French)
Definition
each note bowed separately, played broadly
Term
Fr., Frog
Definition
to be played near the frog
Term
jeté (French)
Definition
"thrown" bow (flying staccato)
Term
legno (Italian)
Definition
wood
Term
col legno (Italian)
Definition
with the stick of the bow
Term
L.h.
Definition
lower half of the bow
Term
M
Definition
middle of the bow
Term
pizzicato (pizz.) (Italian)
Definition
pluck string(s) with finger(s)
Term
ponticello (Italian)
Definition
a light tone, sounding upper partials by bowing near the bridge of a stringed instrument
Term
Pt., point
Definition
to be played near the point of the bow
Term
saltando (salt.) (Italian)
Definition
bounce the bow off the string using short, quick bow strokes
Term
scordatura (Italian)
Definition
special tuning of a stringed instrument
Term
spiccato (spicc.) (Italian)
Definition
a light, bouncing bow movement
Term
spitze (German)
Definition
point of the bow
Term
sul (Italian)
Definition
on (as in "sul D," on the D string)
Term
sulla tastiera (Italian)
Definition
on the fingerboard
Term
sur la touche (French)
Definition
on the fingerboard
Term
sur le chevalet (French)
Definition
bow close to the bridge
Term
sur une corde (French)
Definition
play on one string
Term
bridge-type symbol, looks kind of like this:
l-l
Definition
down bow
Term
V
Definition
up bow
Term
U.H.
Definition
upper half of the bow
Term
W.B.
Definition
whole bow
Term
bowed tremolo; three hash lines in the stem of a note
Definition
very fast separate strokes on the same pitch, near the point for soft dynamics and near the middle for louder dynamics
Term
détaché; tenuto lines under the noteheads
Definition
played with separate bows; in a very rapid détaché, the bow bounces (spiccato) from the sting (sautillé)
Term
fingered tremolo; looks like two beamed 32nd notes
Definition
played like a trill, for intervals larger than a whole step; played with the left hand fingers and a single bow
Term
harmonic, artificial; half notehead stacked on top of quarter notehead
Definition
lower note is stopped by the first finger and upper note by the third or fourth finger
Term
accelerando (accel.)
Definition
increase tempo
Term
adagio
Definition
slowly
Term
a due (a2)
Definition
both performers; follows a section with only one performer on the part; a3, a4, etc. are also used
Term
affrettando (affrett.)
Definition
quicken the tempo
Term
agitato
Definition
excited, agitated
Term
allargando (allarg.)
Definition
becoming broader, slowing
Term
alle, alles
Definition
all, every
Term
allegretto
Definition
moderately fast
Term
allegro
Definition
quick, rapid tempo
Term
allein
Definition
solo, alone
Term
allmählich
Definition
gradually
Term
al niente
Definition
diminish the sound to nothing
Term
ancora
Definition
again
Term
andante
Definition
moderately slow
Term
animando
Definition
with growing animation
Term
animato, animé
Definition
animated
Term
arpeggiando (arpeg.)
Definition
roll the chord in harp style
Term
arrêt
Definition
stop
Term
a tempo
Definition
resume the original tempo
Term
attacca
Definition
begin the next section without pausing
Term
belebend
Definition
with growing animation
Term
Belebt
Definition
animated
Term
bestimmt
Definition
energetic
Term
bewegt
Definition
agitated
Term
Bewegter
Definition
more agitated
Term
Blech
Definition
brass instruments
Term
bouché
Definition
muted French horn, using hand; indicated by a +
Term
breit
Definition
broadly
Term
chiuso
Definition
muted French horn, using hand
Term
colla parte
Definition
in unison with another part; for example, col. vln, with violins; commonly used in jazz scores
Term
come prima
Definition
like the first time
Term
con
Definition
with
Term
coro
Definition
chorus
Term
da capo (DC)
Definition
return to the beginning
Term
dämpfer
Definition
mute
Term
Mit Dämpfer
Definition
with mute
Term
Ohne Dämpfer
Definition
without mute
Term
doppio movimento
Definition
double tempo
Term
en animant
Definition
with increasing animation
Term
enchainez
Definition
continue to the next section without pausing
Term
en dehors
Definition
in front of; with emphasis; to be clearly heard through the ensemble
Term
erste
Definition
first
Term
espansione
Definition
broadening
Term
fiero
Definition
fiercely
Term
Flatterzunge
Definition
flutter tongue
Term
gestopft
Definition
muted French horn, using a hand
Term
giusto
Definition
moderately
Term
glissando (glissez, glisser)
Definition
slide
Term
gradamente
Definition
gradually
Term
grave
Definition
slowly, solemn
Term
Holz
Definition
woodwinds
Term
immer
Definition
always
Term
laissez vibrer (LV)
Definition
let vibrate, do not dampen
Term
langsam
Definition
slowly
Term
largamente
Definition
broadly
Term
largo
Definition
very slowly
Term
lebhaft
Definition
lively
Term
légèrement
Definition
lightly
Term
lent (lentamente, lento)
Definition
slowly
Term
LH
Definition
left hand
Term
l'istesso
Definition
the same
Term
l'istesso tempo
Definition
the same tempo
Term
marcato
Definition
marked, with emphasis
Term
mässig
Definition
moderate
Term
meno
Definition
less
Term
mezzo
Definition
half
Term
MM
Definition
Maelzel metronome; tempo indication; BPM
Term
moderato
Definition
moderately
Term
modéré
Definition
moderate tempo
Term
modo
Definition
style
Term
modo ordinario
Definition
in the usual manner
Term
molto
Definition
much, very
Term
mouvement (mouvt.)
Definition
tempo
Term
muta, mutando
Definition
change; usually to indicate a change in tuning of an instrument or instruments
Term
nach
Definition
after, behind
Term
nach gebend
Definition
becoming slower
Term
niente
Definition
nothing
Term
ordinario
Definition
return to previous method of performance
Term
ossia
Definition
otherwise
Term
otez
Definition
remove
Term
parlante
Definition
sung in a speaking style
Term
Partitur
Definition
the score
Term
perdendosi
Definition
gradually dying away
Term
petit
Definition
little
Term
peu
Definition
a little
Term
piacere
Definition
at the performer's pleasure
Term
pieno
Definition
full
Term
più
Definition
more
Term
più mosso
Definition
more motion
Term
poco
Definition
a little
Term
poco a poco
Definition
little by little
Term
portando la voce
Definition
vocal glissando, sliding smoothly from one note to the next
Term
premier mouvement (1er mouvt); erster Tempo, Tempo I, a tempo
Definition
at the original tempo
Term
presto
Definition
very quick tempo
Term
Pult
Definition
desk or stand, referring to the number of stands of performers for a part
Term
rallentando (rall.)
Definition
growing slower
Term
retenu
Definition
held back
Term
ritardando (ritard, rit.)
Definition
gradually slowing
Term
RH
Definition
right hand
Term
ritenuto
Definition
more immediate slowing of tempo
Term
rubato
Definition
expressive flexibility of tempo
Term
ruhig
Definition
quietly, tranquill
Term
sans timbres
Definition
without snares (percussion)
Term
scherzando
Definition
playfully
Term
schmachtend
Definition
languid, languishing
Term
schnell
Definition
quickly, fast
Term
secco, sec
Definition
dry, simple
Term
seconda volta
Definition
second time
Term
segue
Definition
proceed to next section without pause
Term
sehr
Definition
very
Term
sempre
Definition
always
Term
senza
Definition
without
Term
sforzando, sforzato (sf, sfz)
Definition
form of attack; emphasis
Term
simile (sim)
Definition
in a similar manner
Term
smorzando (smorz.)
Definition
dying away
Term
sordino
Definition
mute
Term
sostenuto, sotenendo
Definition
sustained
Term
sotto voce
Definition
under the voice; in a soft voice or undertone
Term
soutenu
Definition
sustained
Term
staccato
Definition
separated
Term
stentando, stentato (stent.)
Definition
delaying, holding back
Term
stesso movimento
Definition
same tempo
Term
Stimme
Definition
voice or voice part
Term
Stimmung
Definition
tuning
Term
stringendo (string.)
Definition
quickening of tempo
Term
subito (sub.)
Definition
immediate, suddenly
Term
suivez
Definition
follow
Term
supra
Definition
above; indicates crossing hands in piano music
Term
tacet, tacit
Definition
silent
Term
tempo primo
Definition
at original tempo
Term
tenuto (ten.)
Definition
sustained, held back
Term
tranquillo
Definition
calmly, quietly
Term
tremolo
Definition
quick repetition of the same note or quick repetition between different pitches
Term
très
Definition
very
Term
trill
Definition
rapid alternation between notes of different pitch, half step or whole
Term
troppo
Definition
too much
Term
tutti
Definition
all, entire ensemble
Term
vide
Definition
empty, cut
Term
vivace (vivo)
Definition
quickly, lively
Term
wüthend
Definition
furiously
Term
Zeitmass
Definition
tempo
Term
zurückhaltend
Definition
ritard
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