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Concept Cards #2
Psychology Concept Cards
52
Psychology
11th Grade
09/30/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Biological Psychology
Definition
A branch of psychology cencerned with the behavior links between biology and behavior.
(Behavioral Neuroscientists)
Behavioral Approach 
Term
Neuron
Definition
a nerve cell
The basic building block of the nervous system
Axon 
Term
Dendrite 
Definition

the busy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body

Post Office

myelin

Term
Axon
Definition

the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other meurons or to muscles or glands

Wires

Neuron

Term
Myelin
Definition

a layer of faty tissue segmentally encasing thefibers of many neurons

shield

action potential

Term
Action potential
Definition

a neural impulse

Computer command

Axon

Term
Threshold
Definition

the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

 

Synapse

Term
Synapse
Definition

the junction obetween the axon tip of the seding neuron and the dentrite or cell body of the receiving neuron

Mailman to mailbox

 

Term
neurotransmitters
Definition

chemical messengers that transverse the synaptic gaps between neurons

synapse

Term
acetylcholine
Definition
a neurotransmitter that, among it's functions, triggers muscle contraction
Term
endorphins
Definition

"morphine within" - natural, opiatelike neurotransmitter linked to pain control and to pleasure.

adreniline

 

Term
Nervous System
Definition

the body's speedy, electrochemial communication system. 

Central Nervous System

Term
Central Nervous System
Definition

the brain and spinal cord

Command Tower

Peripheral nervous system

Term
Peripheral Nervous System
Definition

the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body

Telephone poles

nerves

Term
Nerves
Definition

neural "cables" containing many axons

Wires

Sensory neurons

Term
Sensory Neurons
Definition

Neurons that caryy incoming info from the snse receptors

Recon Squad

interneurons

Term
Interneurons
Definition

CNS neurons that internally communicate

gossip 

motor neurons

Term
motor neurons
Definition

neurons that carry outgoing info from CNS

Mailman

Nerves

 

Term
somatic nervous system
Definition

the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles

consol

voluntary

Term
Autonomic nervous system
Definition

the part of the peripheral nervous system control the glands and the muscles of internal organs

motherboard

sympathetic

Term
Sympathetic nervous system 
Definition

the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, obilizing its energy in stressful situations

superman

parasympathtic

Term
Parasypathertic nervous system 
Definition

the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy

hypothermia

autonomic

Term
reflex
Definition

a simple, automatic, inborn response to a sensory stimulus

knee jerk

autonomic

Term
neural networks
Definition

interconnected neural cells

school education

electroencephlaogram

Term
lesion
Definition

tissue destruction

EEG

Term

electroencephalogram

 

Definition
an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface
Term
CT Scan
Definition

 a series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representaion of a slice through the body

lesion

Term
PET scan
Definition

a visual dsplay of brain activity

thermal

MRI

Term
MRI
Definition

a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio wavs to produce computer-generated images

PET Scan

Term
Brainstem
Definition

the oldest part and central core of the brain.

Medulla

Term
Medulla
Definition

the base of the brainstem

reticular formation

Term
Reticular Formation
Definition
a never netword in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal.
Term
thalamus
Definition

the bran's sensory switchboard, located on the top of the brainstem

cerebellum

Term
cerebellum
Definition

the "little brain" attacked to the rear of the brainstem

PONS

Term
limbic system
Definition

a doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres

food & sex

amygdala

Term
Amygdala
Definition

thwo almond-shaped neural clusters that are components of the limbic system and are linked to emotion

limbic system

Term
hypothalamus
Definition

a neural structure lying below the thalamus

eating and drinking

thalamus

Term
cerebral cortex
Definition

the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres

control and information-processing center

lobes

Term
glial cells
Definition

cells in the nercous system that suport, nourish and protect neurons

cerebral cortex

Term
frontal lobes
Definition

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead

thinking

parietal lobes

Term
parietal lobes
Definition

the portino of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear

spacial navigation and processing

occipital

Term
occipital lobes
Definition

the portion of the creral cortex lying at the back of the head

visual information

temporal lobes

Term
temporal lobes
Definition

the portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears

audio information

motor cortex

Term
motor cortex
Definition

an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that control voluntary movements

somatic

sensory cortex

Term
sensory cortex
Definition

the area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body sensasion

sensory neurons

Term
association areas
Definition

areas of the crebral cortex that are no involved in prmary motor or sensory functions

higher mental functions ( learning and speaking )

Term
aphasia
Definition

impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area or to Wernicle's area

Broca's Area

 

Term
Broca's area
Definition

controls language expresssion

muscle movements in speech.

Wernickle's Area

Term
Wernickle's Area
Definition

controls language reception

Language comprehention

Aphasia

Term
plasticity
Definition

the brain's capacity for modification as evident in brainreorganization following damage and in experiments on the eects of experience on brian development

corpus callousum

Term
Corpus Callosum
Definition

the larg band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying message sbetween them

internet

split brain

Term
split brain 
Definition

a condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers between them.

Corpus Callosum

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