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Computer Basics
Computer Basics
9
Computer Science
12th Grade
10/30/2012

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Term
CPU
Definition
* CPU is the brain of the computer.
* Most commonly known as central processor unit.
*In terms of computing power, the CPU is the most important element of a computer system.
Term
ALU
Definition
* Arithmetic Logic Unit is a digital circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations.
* The ALU is a fundamental building block of the CPU.
Term
Bus
Definition
* is a collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of the computer to another.
Term
Control Bus
Definition
*is the physical connections that carry control information between the CPU and the other devices within the computer.
Term
Memory
Definition
* Internal storage areas within the computer.
Term
Register
Definition
* is a special, high-speed storage area with the CPU.
* All data must be represented in a register before it can be processed.
Term
RAM
Definition
* A type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly.
* RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices such as printers.
Term
ROM
Definition
* Computer memory on which data has been prerecorded.
* Once data has been written onto a ROM chip it cannot be removed and can only be read.
Term
Cache Memory
Definition
* is a special high-speed storage mechanism.
* it can be either a reserved section of main memory or an independent high-speed storage device.
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