Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Companion Animals #3
pet mills through animal sports
100
Science
Undergraduate 1
04/25/2013

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

What is a puppy mill and where do they sell their dogs?

 

Definition

large scale commercial breeding operations where profit is given priority over the well-being of the dogs.

 

They sell to pet stores.

Term
who licenses and inspects puppy mills?
Definition

The USDA

 

*Does not inspect facilities that sell online

Term
What is a broker?
Definition
A middle man, a person who sells to pet stores
Term
Where are puppy mills located and what is the number one state?
Definition

Most are in the Midwest.

#1 state Missouri

Term
which religious group seems to create a higher percentage of those people who operate puppy mills?
Definition
The Amish community
Term
Which federal law covers "puppy mills" and other large scale breeding operations and what is the one exception to this law?
Definition
The Animal Welfare Act and it does not cover breeders who sell online. They do not need to be inspected.
Term
Are AKC registered puppies or puppies from licensed breeders guareanteed to not be from "puppy mills"?
Definition

The AKC does not check its breeders, AKC registration only means that the dogs is "Pure breed" having a mother and fother of the same breed.

 

Commercial breeding facilites are licensed by the USDA if they sell to pet stores. Officials often let these crimes slide.

Term
What are the characteristics of a responsible breeder?
Definition
  1. show adopters thier facilities
  2. focus on one or two breeds
  3. tell you the good and bad about the breed
  4. explain breed goals and how they test for health problems
  5. produce only enough animals for demand (have waiting lists)
  6. Do not ship their puppies
  7. show you at least one other parent or perhaps other relatives
  8. gives references upon request
  9. Asks you for references
  10. want the animal returned to them if there are any problems
Term
What are some of the issues associates with puppies that come form puppy mills?
Definition
  1. Illness and disease, parasites, kennel cough, and colds (distemper outbreak in 2012)(15 chicago petstores)
  2. fearful behavior (lack of socialization)
  3. genetic diseases and disorders
  4. inbreeding is a huge problem (giardia which is transmittable to people)
Term
What are some issues the breeding dogs in puppy mills suffer from?
Definition
  1. mental and emotional trauma
  2. Develope external persistent fears and phobias
  3. possible learning deficits
  4. lower trainability
  5. difficulty in copin successfully with normal existence
Term
What are the five freedoms of animal welfare?
Definition
  1. freedom from hunger and thirst
  2. freedom from discomfort
  3. freedom from pain, injury or disease
  4. freedom to express normal behaviors
  5. freedom from fear and distress
Term
What aspect of the puppy mill industry was Coconut the dog Taylor brought in rescued from?
Definition
Dog Auctions, (2008 68 dog auctions across the country 18000 dogs exchanged)
Term
What is the difference between someone who owns alot of animals and an animal hoarder?
Definition

Animal Hoarding is a psychological condition

 

  1. failure to acknowledge deteriorating conditions of animals and household environment
  2. failure to recognize any negative effects the situation has on thier own well being or the well being of other members of the houshold.
Term
What are some heath concerns related to animal hoarding?
Definition
  1. 100% of animal hoarders were judged as living in unsanitary conditions, compaired to 81% of possession hoarders
  2. zoonotic diseases
  3. feces and urine build up
  4. insect and rodent infestations
  5. oder
  6. ammonia 
Term
What is a "rescue hoarder?"
Definition
  • Make themselve out to be an animal resuce

characteristics

  1. unwillingness to let visitors see where animals are kept
  2. unwillingness to say how many animals are present
  3. little effort made to actually adopt animals
  4. desire to reciece animals at a remote location rather than on-site
  5. claims of being able to provide lifetime care for animals with special needs (not always a sign)
Term
Explanations for animal Hoarding?
Definition
  • No true EASY explanation
  • similar to object hoarders but with emotional attachments are intensified (hypersensitivity, relationships similar to human-human with animals) 
  • Many different models used to explain
  • (Delusiion, dementia, addiction, zoophilia, attatchment, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) )
Term
Without long-term treatment, how often do hoarders repeat thier behavior?
Definition
Almost 100% with no counseling or home checks in place
Term
What is a specific problem with animal waste in hoarding situations?
Definition
It emits ammonia which can be dangerouse to human health
Term
Can animal hoarders also be object hoarders?
Definition
Yes
Term
What kind of animal hoarder is Lolette
Definition
a Rescue hoarder
Term
What disease do many of Lolette's cats have?
Definition

upper respritory infections and

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)
fluid around the stomach
Term
Does lolette allow visiters to her cat shelter?
Definition
no
Term
What national organization helped to remove Lolleta's cats?
Definition
Humane Society
Term
Who does Robin see to help with her animal hoarding
Definition
a therapist
Term
What are some of the working roles of horsed throughout the history of the United States?
Definition
  • Food (milk and meat)
  • transportation (riding)
  • War (Pony Express speed up mail delivery)
  • Pleasure
  • Sporting
  • agriculture (farming and Ranching)
Term
Where are horses round today in the United States?
Definition

Every state

(around 200,000 horses in IL)

Term
What do horses need to be healthy?
Definition
  • Forage
  • Friends (one stallion and multiple mares and foals)
  • Freedom (constant movement needed to maintain health, required for feeding)
  • Fluids (not from plants)

 

Term
Who is able to find a job working with horses?
Definition

Anyone

  • English or History (journalism, advertising, pedigree researcher)
  • Math and computers (Accountant, auditor, database manager)
  • Science (Veterinarian, nutritionist, geneticist, lab technictian)
  • Art (photograher, graphic designer)
Term
What was the impact of the closure of U.S. slaughter plants on unwanted horses, and horses being slaughter?
Definition

*The number of unwanted horses in the U.S. climbe to 166,000 in 2012

sent to Mexico for slaughter

Term
What are the options for someone who has an unwanted horse?
Definition
  • Send to a horse shelter
  • donate/gift the horse
Term
How do you define an exotic animal?
Definition

Animals other than cats or dogs, they are not domestic, have not been breed in captivity for many generations and are frequently danderous.

 

Some may have been raised by humans and may be "tame" but they are still often unpredictable (and wild).

Term
What are some examples of exotic pets?
Definition
  • snakes
  • reptiles
  • frogs
  • turtles
  • lions, tigers, monkeys, sugar gliders
  • prair dogs, hedgehogs
  • MOST COMMON BIRDS
Term
What are different sources of exotic pets?
Definition
  • The pet trade both wild caught and captive bred
  • Wild = animal trafficing
  • Captive = zoos, ciruses, public animal attractions (these facilities often sell older animsl or trade out adults for breeding
  • Captive = breeders (often compairable to puppy mills)
Term
What are some issues associated with owning exotic pets?
Definition
  • Saftey risk (Kansas City Missouri 2010) (Zaneville Ohio 2011)
  • Zoonotic diseases (specifically rabies)
  • Specialized needs
Term
What are some examples of legislation or regulations put in place to protect wild animals from becoming exotic pets?
Definition

Vary by state, even from city to city

often minimal

Animal welfare rarely the cause

 

  •  Convention on international trade in Endangered species of Flora and Fauna
  • Wild bird conservation Act
  • U.S. captive and Wild Animal Safety Act
Term
Convention on international trade in Endangered species of Flora and Fauna
Definition
  • Appendix I - prohibits trade of species threatened with extinction
  • Appendix II - Through a species is not at an immediate risk of extinction, it may become so and as such a country must justify managment practices before trade can be approved
  • Appendix III - Species are listed at the reuest of a country for cooperation with other countries to prevent risk of local extinction.
Term
Wild bird conservation Act
Definition
  • Enacted on Oct. 23, 1992
  • Ensure that exotic bird species are not harmed by international trade
  • Limits the species that can be imported to the U.S.
Term
U.S. Captive Wild Animal Safety Act
Definition
  • Passed 2003
  • rules for enforcement not in place till 2007
  • Bans the sale or transport of big cats across state lines
Term
IL exotic animal legislation
Definition
  • "dangerous animal" - mmeans a lion, tiger, ocelot, jaguar, cheetah, margay, mounton lion, lynx, bobcat, jaguarundi, bear, hyena, wolf or coyote, or any poisonous, or life-threatening reptile.

interesting because poisonous refers to eating, the correct term would be venomouse.

  • no person shall keep, any dangerous animal or primate except at a properly maintained zoologial park, federally licensed exhibit...etc.
  • This section does not prohibit a person who had lawful possesion of a primate before Jan 1, 2011 so lang as it is properly registered
Term
What are the different levels/types of dog fighters?
Definition
  • Street fighters
  • Hobbyists
  • professionals
Term
What banned sport eventullay led to the development of dog fighting?
Definition

bull baiting in 1835 in England and Ireland

 

(bull dogs coined)

(larger bull baiting dogs crossed with smaller terriers to make more agile in the pit "pit bulls")

Term
Street dog fighters?
Definition
  • Newest form
  • informal (stripped of rules or formality associated with other levels of dogfighting)
  • Least amount of care for animals
  • dogs often starved or beaten
  • gang activities
  • no care for dogs after fighting
Term
Hobbyists dog fighting
Definition
  • Rules and organized
  • entertainment or some supplimental income
  • dogs recieve some care and have breeding standards
  • dogs transported across state lines
Term
Professional dog fighting
Definition
  • Large numbers of dogs owned (50)
  • money for breeding, fighting annd selling
  • imphasis on breed winning blood lines
  • animals that dont fight to standards are often culled
Term
What federal law is in place to prevent dog fighters?
Definition

The Animal Welfare Act

  • illegal to exhibit, transport, buy, sell, etc, a fighting animal that has been transported across state lines

Animal fighting Spectator Prohibition Act

  • effort to make attending a dog fight a federal crime (Not Yet Passed)
Term
What made the Michael Vick case a truly unique case regardign dog fighting?
Definition
  • Charged at both the federal and state levels (2007)

transporting dogs across state lines

  • sentenced to 23 months in federal prison
  • 49 dogs seized
  • Judge ruled the dogs should be evaluated for adoption (first time this ever happened)

almost all the dogs were placed or put into a sanctuary

Term
Who was Stubby?
Definition

A pit bull who was an American War hero during World War I in Irland and England

 

  • Earned Puple Heart
  • detected gas
Term
Breeding pit bulls for dog fighting is based around?
Definition
fighting ability not appearance or conformation
Term
What is the difference between dogs that are human agressive and dog agressive?
Definition
  • human agressive are hard to handle and not used in the pit because the handler must be able to separate these dogs when the fight is called.
  • Dog agressive are dogs that show agression toward other dogs but not their handler, these are the prized dogs in pits.
Term
What is gameness
Definition
  • fights that determins how much pain, suffering, eshaustion, a dog will take before it gives up.

conditioning comes after gameness is determined

Term
After the fight who provides medical attention to the dogs?
Definition
If they recieve any it is by the owneres
Term
Where else in the world does dog fighting happen?
Definition

Italy mofia

Most of the other countires take dogs from the U.S.

 

It is illegal in Mexico, Japan

Term
At the conclusion of the film what was the fate of the owner and the little black dog?
Definition

Little Black Dog = euthinized

 

Owner = mistemener in animal cruelty

6 months unsupervised probation

Term
Define Pit bull...
Definition

(not a true breed)

 

A "Pit Bull" is a generic term used to describe one of the following three breeds, mixes of those breeds, or dogs that have common visual characteristics of these breeds

 

  1. Staffordshire BullTterrier
  2. American Staffordshire Terrier
  3. American Pit Bull Terrier
Term
What are common features involving the 2006 fatal dog attacks? (don't need to know statistics)
Definition
  • Owners did not spay/neuter thier dogs (97%)

unneutered males, mothers with puppies, mating pairs

  • were reckless owners (84%)

(chained dogs, roaming dogs, neglected or abused, allowed children to play with unfamiliar dogs unsupervised.

  • were resident dogs (78%)
Term
Resident dogs
Definition

Dogs whose owners maintain them exclusively on chains, in kennls, or in yard: and/ or obtain them for negative functions (guarding, fighting, protection, irresponsible breeding)

 

isolated from regular, positive human interactions

not family dogs also do not act as thus

neglect dogs with training and health care

Term
Myths
Definition
  • locking jaws
  • 1000s of pounds of biting pressure (actual 200-450 psi)
  • most have bad temperaments
  • intolerant to pain
  • only owned by thugs
  • Dogs from fighting operatons are too dangerous and must be euthanized
Term
Media now vs 1800's
Definition

Before

  • more focus on function of dog not breed
  • positive and negative stores of breeds reported
  • circumstances behind attacks reported
  • blame put on owner and those involved

now

  • Focus simply on breed-blame on Dog
  • only negative fear including stories
  • missing details
  • sensationism
Term
What is breed specific/discriminatory legislation and is it effective at enhancing public safety?
Definition

Legislation that bands certain dog breeds

 

It is not effective: does not work in controlling the number of severe or fatal dog attacks (dogs cannot be predicted by breed alone)

Term
Doggie DNA
Definition

DNA tests on dogs to determine breed

 

(87.5% of dogs in animal shelters are classified as the wrong breed)

 

most bite reports and dogs confiscated are based on visual ids

Term
What is the difference between animal assisted activities and animal assisted therapy
Definition

activities

  • same activity for many
  • meet and greet, visitation, petting
  • entertainment
  • educational

Therapy

  • tailored to individual client
  • goal directed activity
  • animal is integral
  • docuented
  • led by health/human service professional
  • measures progresss
Term
Examples of animal assisted therapy vs activities?
Definition

Activities

  • reading to the dogs
  • hospital/nursing home visit

Therapy

  • speech, physical, occupational, recreational threpys
  • councelling
Term
What organization that Tom and Harriet (and thier dogs) were registered and certified with?
Definition
Pet Partners
Term
What is required for this certification?
Definition
  • The animal is a family pet living in the home of the handler
  • dogs must be at least one year old and owned for at least six months
  • Pet partners are paid for thier work
  • the animal and handler test as a team
  • both are evaluated on skills and aptitued tests but only the handler has to take the written exam
  • Dogs must be predictable, calm, obedient, trusting and responsive to a variety of people.
Term
How is playing with a dog therapy?
Definition

People will preform tasks that they are generally hesitant to perform without thinking about it. Such a patients wth shoulder or arm injuries throwing a ball for the dog to fetch.

  • client's interactions withh the dog focuses on effort
  • kefferent aspects of the same activity are highlighted depending on the client's needs
  • Targeted exercises are "hidden" behind an enjoyable activity.
Term
What is the volunteer's first responsibility as part of an animla assisted therapy team?
Definition

It is to their pet

 

  • know the pet's preferences and stress tolerance
  • accept work only with clients that fit in the range of the pet's preferences and stress tolerance
  • be alert to the affect the therapy sesson is having on the dog
  • Remove the dog from the session if needed
Term
Who sets the goals for the day in an animal assisted therapy session?
Definition

The staff of the therapy organization sets the agenda and facilitates the session

 

The volunteer handler provide encouragment, training, and guidance as the client, learns to work with the dogto meet their therapy goals.

Term
What is a disaster and what are some examples?
Definition

Any event that overwhelms an area and its existing resources that are needed to respond to the event.

  • Hurricane
  • Earthquake
  • fires
  • tornado
  • hazardous materials
  • nuclear emergancey
  • etc
Term
Why is it important for us to be concerned about animals in disaster situations?
Definition
  • People may not evacuate or may evacuate at the last minute
  • Animals can complicate an emergancy situation (disease outbreaks, public saftey)
  • people trying to rescue thier pets before it is safe to come back to an area.
Term
44% of pet owners chose to delay evacuation for what historic disaster situation and why?
Definition

Hurricane Katrina

 

they did not want to leave their pets behind

Term
What is the PETS Act, and where have we recently seen the impact of this legislation taking effect?
Definition

Passed after Katrina.

Requires states seeking Federal Emergency Managment Agency (FEMA) assistance to accomodate pets and sercice animals in a evacuation plan.

 

Started seeing impacts during Isaac and Sandy

Term
What is the number one rule in disasters?
Definition
If it is not safe for you it is not safe for your pets.
Term
Which national organization is shown thoughout the Katrina Rescue video?
Definition
SPCA
Term
What was the distressing news rescuers recieved from their leaders approximately 2 weeks after Katrina hit?
Definition

Rescues were on hold...no more room for animals and only the most critical cases could be brought into the facility.

 

food and water would have to be taken to the animals and left in the homes.

Term
Why are face masks and HAZMAT suits difficult to use during resuces?
Definition
They scare the animals
Term
How many animals were estimated to have been left in the city of New Orleans during Hurricane katrina?
Definition
250 thousand
Term
What may be the abandond animals' greatest danger in Hurricane  Katrina?
Definition
Drinking the dirty flood water
Term
Have pets always been part of evacuation plans before hurrican Katrina?
Definition
False after the Hurrican PETS Act was inacted.
Term

What situation caused officials to decide to seal off the city?

 

What was the effect?

Definition

Hurrican Rita was going to hit.

 

"Operation Puppy Love" was brought about as a last attempt to rescue animals from the city.

 

(soldiers and rescuers worked together to rescue pets)

Term
Was Bill able to rescue "ConCat" from his home after sneaking back into the city befroe Rita hit?
Definition
YES! :)
Term
What Kept the Rescuer, Tanya, from going to look at teh damage done to her home?
Definition
the neigbors dogs needed to be resued, also there was a curfew for rescuers.
Term
When the next hurricane approached, what was teh change seen in officials when communicating with evacuating pet owners?
Definition
Told them to take thier animals with them
Term
What is zoonotic diseases
Definition
"an infectious disease transmissible under natrual conditions between vertebrate animals and human beings."
Term
What is the single most important zoonotic diseas?
Definition

Rabies

 

also emerging zoonotics

West Nile Virus

Avian Influenza

Plague

Term
How have the trends for wild vs. domestic cases of rabies changed since the 1950's?
Definition

Cases of domestic caused rabies have gone down

Cases of wild caused rabies have gone up

 

The overall trend of rabies cases have gone up

 

We are not seeing more rabies we are just seeing it more because we are coming into contact with wildlife more often

Term
What is the principle reservoir for rabies in developing countries?
Definition
55,000 people die annually of rabies, Dogs are the principle reservoir. Human exposure here is much more likely.
Term
What is the principle reservoir for rabies in developed countries such as the U.S.?
Definition

Wild animals are the principle vectors.

  • companion animal rabies is less due to mandatory rabies vaccination laws.
  • Wild animla rabies is more common because of encroachment on wild animals.
Term
How is public health related to zoonotic disease?
Definition

Veterinarians work to stop epidemics caused by zoonosis, since they can often see this before anyone else in the health industry.

 

9 out of 10 of the top bioterrist agents are zoonotics the exception is small pox

Term
Public Health
Definition

Protection and improvment of the health of entire populations through community-wide action, primarily by governmental agencies

 

the goal of public heath are to prevent human diseas, injury and disability; protect people from environmental heath hazards; promote behaviors that lead to good physical and mental health; educate the public about health; and assure availability of high-quality health services.

Term
What is the defference between shelter medicine and traditional priate practice for companion animals?
Definition
  • Traditional: focus is on the health of the individual animal

 

  • Shelter Medicine: focus is on the health of the population of animals in the facility.
Term
What are some common pieces of equipment used for agility?
Definition
  • A-Frame (dog walk)
  • Teeter-totter (see-saw)
  • Tunnels
  • Jumps/Hurdles including (tire or loop jump)
  • Pause table/box
  • Weave poles
Term
What is the difference between performance and conformation?
Definition
  • Conformation (shows)

judged on breed standards

 

  • Competiotions

provide an outlet for innate behaviors

connection with pets

 

Term
Examples of conformation
Definition
  • dog shows
  • cat shows
Term
Examples of performance
Definition
  • agility
  • earthdog trial
  • flyball
  • disc dog
  • dock diving
  • field trials
  • canine freestyle
  • obedience training
  • sheepdog/herding trials
  • tracking trials
  • weight pulling
  • cat agility
  • etc
Term
Controversial sports
Definition
  • grehound racing
  • sled dog racing
  • hunting
Term
Who is wallace, and how is he related to animal sports and competionion?
Definition
Wallace is a dog that competes in freestyle and is a well know dog in the sport. He also has a book. Being a high energy pit bull he was due to be euthinized until his owner rescued him.
Term
What are Earth Dog Trials?
Definition

Earth dog trials are trials where dogs have to find their prey through underground mazes.

 

consists of four levels

  1. Quarry (1 right angle turn, 10ft tunnel)
  2. Junior (30ft tunnel, 3 right angles, 30seconds)
  3. Senior (30ft tunnel, 3 right angles, false scent/exits, 90seconds)
  4. Master(find entrance, tunnels with barries, complete with another dog)

 

 

 

 

Term
What dogs are used for Earth Dog Trials?
Definition
The dogs used are small terriers and dachshounds that are breed for tracking animals underground.
Term
What is the Iditarod?
Definition

"The last great race on earth"

celebrating Alaska's history

 

route from coast to mining camps and teritories

(mail, food, medicine, supplies)

 

1200 mile race

rules

dogs must wear booties

vet examine dogs at each 20 checkpoints

rest times are enforced

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