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Details

Cognitive Psychology
Important Names
21
Psychology
Graduate
11/01/2006

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Investigated the role of schemata in memory; concluded that memory is largely a reconstructive process
Definition
Bartlett, F.
Term
Divided intelligence into fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence and looked at how they change throughout the lifespan
Definition
Cattell, R.
Term
Distinguished between the surface structure and fluid intelligence and looekd at how they change throughout the lifespan
Definition
Chomsky, N.
Term
Devised the spreading activation model of semantic memory
Definition
Collins, A. and Loftus, E.
Term
Developed the levels of processing-theory of memory as an alternative to the stage-theory of memory
Definition
Craik, F. and Lockhart R.
Term
Studied memory using nonsense syllables and the method of savings
Definition
Ebbinghaus, H.
Term
Proposed a theory of multiple intelligences that divides intelligence into seven different types, all of which are equally important; traditional IQ tests measure only two of the seven types
Definition
Gardner H.
Term
Devised divergent thinking test to measure creativity
Definition
Guilford, J.
Term
Investigated that use of heuristics in decision-making; studied the availability heuristic and the representativeness heuristic
Definition
Kahneman, D. and Tversky A.
Term
Studied eyewitness memory and concluded that our memories can be altered by presenting new information or by asking misleading questions
Definition
Loftus, E.
Term
Used the water-jar problem to study the effect of mental sets on problem-solving
Definition
Luchins, A.
Term
Found support for gender differences in verbal ability
Definition
Macoby, E. and Jacklin, C.
Term
Suggested that the brain processes information using parallel distributed processing (PDP)
Definition
McClelland, J. and Rumelhart, D.
Term
Found that the capacity of short-term memory is seven (plus or minus two) items
Definition
Miller, G.
Term
Proposed dual-code hypothesis
Definition
Paivio, A.
Term
Devised the semantic feature comparison model of semantic memory
Definition
Smith, E., Shoben, E., and Rips L
Term
Suggested that individual differences in intelligence were largely due to difference in amount of a general factor called g
Definition
Spearman, C.
Term
Studied the capacity of sensory memory using the partial-report method
Definition
Sperling, G.
Term
Proposed triarchic theory that divdes intelligence into three types: componential, experiential, and contextual
Definition
Sternberg, R.
Term
Used factor analysis to study primary mental abilities - factors more specific thatn g but more general than s
Definition
Thurstone, L.
Term
Hypothesized that languages determines how reality is perceived
Definition
Whorf, B.
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