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Cognitive processes test 1
n/a
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
02/15/2012

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Term
Late Selection MOdels
Definition
Attention occurs later in the info processing sequence- after the meaning has been determined
- all info in sensory mem is processed
Term
Attentional Inhibition
Definition
Unattended info is actively inhibited,, not just filtered out and allowed to decay.
-Can be measured using negative priming.
Term
Negative priming
Definition
Reaction time slows on the target trial when that target had been ignored on the previous trial.
Term
Negative priming task
Definition
name the word in red ink in trial one, then in trial 2 the word in red ink will be the same word you actively ignored in trial 1 (the green ink) rt will be slower after being actively inhibited.
Term
Peripheral interference hypothesis
Definition
Interference due to physical things like holding the phone.
Term
attentional hypothesis
Definition
interference is due to directing attention to conversation. more mental.
Term
Explicit processing
Definition
Involving conscious processing
Term
implicit processing
Definition
no necessary involvement of conscious awareness
Term
spotlight attention
Definition
the mental attention-focusing mechanisms that prepare you to encode stimulus information.
Term
Feature search
Definition
target pops, parallel search, search rates dont vary as size set increases.
Term
conjunction search
Definition
search for a target containing features that the distractors also have
Term
hemineglect
Definition
deficit of attention due to brain damage..victim has decreased ability to detect and object in the visual field opposite of the damaged side. Damage is usually to the right parietotemporal region.
Term
Automatic Processes ( posner 1075)
Definition
1. unintentionally
2. happens without awareness and introspection
3.consume few attentional resources
4. operate rapidly w/in 1second
Term
Controlled Processes
Definition
1. Intentional
2. Open to awareness and introspection
3. consumes attentional resources
4. Slow! takes more than 1sec
Term
Stroop Task
Definition
Congruent condition( same color font as word-red in red)
Incongruent condition( Red in green)
Neutral condition( non color words printed in a color)
Term
Results of stroop
Definition
Reaction time is slower in the incongruent condition
-Reading is automatic and difficult to inhibit
Term
Retina
Definition
Rods and cones initiates visual sensation and perseption
Term
rods and cones
Definition
back layer of neurons on retina and first neurons stimulated by light
Term
fovea
Definition
highly sensative region of the retinal responisble for focused vision, composed of cones
Term
Bipolar cells
Definition
rods and cones send info to the bipolar cells
Term
Ganglion cells
Definition
collected messages from the bipolar cells go to the ganglion cells
Term
where do axons go?
Definition
they leave the eye and form the optic nerve via lgn (the primary visual cortex)
and the superious colliculus of the thalamus
Term
How do eyes transmit visual information to the brain?
Definition
Each eye transmits visual info to (the visual cortex) the occipital lobes of both hemispheres of the brain. info is processed contralaterally
Term
saccades
Definition
fast sweeping eye movements 25-100ms
Term
fixations
Definition
pauses in eye movement the eye takes in info during fixations
Term
Visual sensory memory
Definition
short duration used to hold visual info. lasting 250-500ms.
Term
Sperlings experiment
Definition
used a tscope to rapidly present images to the eyes.
whole report condition- asked them to free recall the letters.

partial report condition- played a tone and asked to recal the row of letters corresponding to that tone
Term
Backward masking
Definition
when a later visual stimulus affects perception of an earlier stimulus
Term
Feature detection-Selfridge pandimonium model
Definition
1. Data Demons encode pattern
2. Computational demons-one for each simple feature in pattern
3.Cognitive Deamons- One for each pattern
4. Decision Demons- decides which cognitive deamon is loudest.
Term
Data driven processing
Definition
processing determined by the physical properties..bottom up
Term
Conceptually driven processing
Definition
relies on content and contextual info and the individuals expectations.
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