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Cognitive Development Test Two
From Study Guide
39
Social Studies
Undergraduate 3
03/23/2013

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Term
symptoms doctors diagnose ADHD with? (there are 3)
Definition
1.overactive
2.distracted
3.impulsive
Term
alternatives to ADHD medication (there are 4)
Definition
1. exercise

2. diet changes

3. incentives for behaving in class
4. coaching
Term
how do children interact with their environment to make changes?
Definition
They act from the 'outside- in' meaning that they are not initiating the change, but reacting to their environment when changes need to be made
Term
as children get older, what happens to their ability to switch gears?
Definition
they get better at it, they can redirect attention well.
Term
how does self control evolve-- what is the progress like?
Definition
Progress in self control development can seem like one step forward and two steps back.
Term
what theory about attention is the following: there are a small number of activities that can be performed at once; resources are limited
Definition
capacity theory
Term
with capacity theory, can I do more than one thing at once?
Definition
yes.
Term
what theory about attention is the following: focusing on one thing, you block everything else out, like at a party, you tune everyone else out except for your conversation partner. This model is flexible.
Definition
filter model of attention
Term
what theory about attention is the following: this is the multitasking theory
Definition
attenuator model
Term
what theory about attention is the following: the non- flexible model, where when you have multiple stimuli, you can only focus on one at a time. You can switch back and forth between stimuli.
Definition
switch model
Term
so the models of attention have one overarching category and then two specific types. What are these.
Definition
switch model and attenuator model are both filter models of attention.
Term
what is shadowed and non shadowed material?
Definition
shadowed material is stimuli that passed us by but did not make it into our system or was dumped before it got past the sensory register.
Term
what is automatic encoding
Definition
the idea that several tasks can be completed (i.e. driving) without using up your STM resources.
Term
what causing an action we do to become automatic (big people words:the primary determinant of automaticity?)
Definition
practice
Term
what does our selective attention do?
Definition
It determines which information that is coming into the sensory register is attended to
Term
how much does a child's age impact the children's abilities in attention?
Definition
They are able to pay attention when they get older.
Term
what is a resource limited task
Definition
something that you can complete if you have enough resources, or will not be able to complete with the wrong resources
Term
what is a data limited task
Definition
a task that is imposible because you don't have enough information (like the flying plane example-- I just can't do it)
Term
teletubbies is for what ages
Definition
1-2
Term
how long does something stay in the STM
Definition
15-30 seconds
Term
why does rehearsal represent a trade off?
Definition
rehearsal lessens capacity for incoming knowledge while you rehearse. It does help however to extend the life of your thought :)
Term
In- class activity of counting backwards did what?
Definition
prevents rehearsal
Term
Stroop Effect is what, and what is it an example of in the mind?
Definition
= the color of the word is different than the text word (which is a color)
THis is an example of automization
Term
What are the capacity of items that each of the following ages can remember (STM)
2, 5, 7, 9, Adults
Definition
2=2
5=4
7=5
9=6
Adult-7
Term
what is the visual spatial memory model made of?
??
Definition
central executive (STM) and the phonological loop
Term
What is the central executive also called?
??
Definition
STM, or sketch pad (on study guide, I didn't recall this)
Term
what memory is the visual spacial? (STM or LTM)
??
Definition
LTM
Term
what is similar between alertness state and REM (3)
??
Definition
alpha waves, heart rate, and blood pressure
Term
what will happen if you continually depreive people of REM
Definition
hallucinate
Term
Why do kids learn so fast (what is going on in their brains to enable Piaget's stages)
Definition
Myelination
Term
what is displacement and where in the mind does it happen?
Definition
it is new information replacing old information. STM
Term
what are the 3 strategies that will increase retention time in STM
Definition
rehearsal, visualizations, familiarity
Term
what happens to a mother's brain as they become a mom?
Definition
it becomes more active, their brain is infused with prolactin (helps with multi-tasking)
Term
fill in the definition for consciousness: awareness of our _______ processes
Definition
mental
Term
what is waking consciouness
Definition
we have routines we don't have to be alert to (such as breathing while we are sleeping)
Term
what is Freud's unconscious
Definition
instincts and unawareness rule the game.
Term
when you strengthen memory, what do you look for:
Similarities or Differences
Definition
Similarities!!!
Term
what does serial positioning in encoding mean?
Definition
primary Latency concept --- it means what someone sees first and last they will remember the most.
Term
ON ENCODING
Definition
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