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CNS pathways traumas
pwhtways in CNS clinical
36
Medical
Graduate
09/23/2011

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Term
segmental
Definition
mainly exists in one plce: trauma, tumors, inflammatory, and vascular. NOT SEEGMTNAL DISRODER- lONG TACT
Term
longitudinal
Definition
the tracts, secondaryto segmental. Primary longitudinal rpoblems: heritbable metabolic,ysstemic disease.
Term
somatotopic organization
Definition
dissociated snesiory loss (on one space), dsorsal column vs. spinothalamic ; sacral sparig (?)
Term
extrinsic
Definition
painful, peripheal nerves
Term
intrinsic
Definition
cns (brain/spinal cord) are painless
Term
radicular pain
Definition
pain at the roots
Term
funicular pain
Definition
poorly localized diffuse
Term
parasthesia
Definition
pins and needles
Term
hyperthesiia
Definition
abronmal sensatino from normal stimulus
Term
dysthesia
Definition
normal stimulus leadign to uncofmortable sensation
Term
snesnory ataxia
Definition
loss of position sensation?
Term
atuonomic abnomalities
Definition
nocturia, urinary frequency, bowel/bladderi nconcinentc . need to get bilater loss for this to happen. Horners syndrome- miosis,
Term
look at table.
Definition
Term
two dermatomes ahve to be hit to lose sensation peripeharlly
Definition
Term
look at slide of spinalw levels
Definition
see that fassiculus cuneatus doesntstart until cervial levels and is on outside ofr FG. see that graciullus starts on sacral levels nad ontiues to get bigger sa you rise up.
Term
lsitent o superior cerviacl ganglion slide
Definition
Hypothalathalamic system goes throug here goes down and synapses in T1,t2. any disruptions i nsuperior c ervical gna glion or t1,t2 will lead to horners syndrome. Goes down laterally
Term
complete transsection
Definition
everythign bloew lesion si a mess- two sensory pathways, and are disconnected. Cut othe only descending motor pathway bilaterally. UMN lesion. LMNs are there, but are not being controleld by your head. all the uMN symptoms with noen of the lMNS
Term
complete transection causes
Definition
fracture rauma, bullet/knife, demyelianting disease (MS), compression by tumor/inflammatory mass. Also lose bladder conrol
Term
Brown -sequard
Definition
hemiseciton0 same side coritcospinal adn dorsal column, spinaltholamic are contralateral. but also lose LMN funcitno at that specific level (but not below). AUtonomics- horners syndrome (misos,ptosis, anhydrosis)
Term
extramedullary compression
Definition
look up. dorsal root compression- pain and parasthesia follwoed by los of sensation. Reflex loss due ot lost sneosry input. Motor loss of ipsilateral motor roots (LMN), and ipsilateral uMN syndrome below .
Term
disc herniation lcoations
Definition
medial disc herniation will cause compresison fo multiple levels of cauda equina, while lateral will cause just one compression
Term
central cord syndrome
Definition
spyngomyelafluid filled cavity in center of the cord. first presents with s egmental snseosry adn motor loss, then spreads to motor ascending/descendign pathway symtpoms. initial symptoms are loss of pain and etmperaure across shoudlers, nd lateral arms. in teh enD presents iwth loss of pain/temp,motor neruons loss all over except there is sacral sparing
Term
ALS- amytrophic lateral sclerosis
Definition
atrophci weakness of hands/forearms, spaciticy of legs- hyperreflexia: a mixed uMn/LMN dissorder, progressive spread rostrally and caudally until fatal. only motor neurons efected, no snesory involvement
Term
Vit b21 defieicny
Definition
subacute combined defieicny.macrocytic anemia . DOrsal columns are most affected, and croticospian trac tenxt. Symmetric snesory loss. B12 deficiency causes periphral neuropaty. paradoxial cobo of extensor plantar refelx (UMN sin) and hypoactive ankle
Term
Multiple sclerosis
Definition
dissemianted lesiosn in temime and space. Dorsal column, CST, cerebellar
Term
anteior spinal artery losss effect
Definition
loss of pain ant empt bilat, loss cortiscopinal tract, but dorsal colum will be preserved. Most omcmonly cocurs at arter of admkiewice (t12-l2)
Term
luekomyeltisi
Definition
white matter damage
Term
poliomyelitis
Definition
gray matter dysfunction
Term
transverse myelitis
Definition
affecst entire cross sectional area of spinal cord
Term
AVM
Definition
most affects are caused yb comrpesison by teh AVM- readicualr pain leag weakness, bladder distrubacne
Term
f
Definition
Term
cauda equina syndrome
Definition
severe radicualr pain, urinary /rectal icnontinence, muscle atrophy and arrefelxia in leg (unilateral)
Term
cauda equina syndrome
Definition
severe radicualr pain, urinary /rectal icnontinence, muscle atrophy and arrefelxia in leg (unilateral)
Term
cauda equina syndrome
Definition
severe radicualr pain, urinary /rectal icnontinence, muscle atrophy and arrefelxia in leg (unilateral)
Term
conus syndrome
Definition
bilateral pain, bilateral sensory loss, (reflexes itnact), sever incotniennace
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