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Clin. Med.
Acid-Base Balance
13
Medical
Graduate
09/15/2010

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Cards

Term
What is Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) used for?
Definition
Managing O2 and acid-base balance
Term
What is the normal blood pH range?
Definition
7.35-7.45
Term
What are some changes that occur when the body's pH is 7.15?
Definition
-Acidic state
-decr. cardiac output
-decr. vascular response to catecholemines
-decr. response to medications
Term
What interferences occur in the an alkolotic state?
Definition
-interference with tissue oxygenation and normal neurological and muscular function
Term
pH levels where life is incompatible.
Definition
>7.8 and <6.8
Term
What are the three ways that the body balances pH?
Definition
-Respiratory system
-Renal system
-Protein buffers
Term
How do the lungs respond to pH changes?
Definition
By increasing or decreasing the rate and depth of ventilation (1-3 min. to kick in)
Term
Respiratory acidosis
Definition
retaining CO2
Term
Respiratory alkalosis
Definition
Incr. loss of CO2
Term
What are the causes of respiratory acidosis?
Definition
-conditions resulting in hypoventilation
-CNS depression from head injury or meds
-impaired muscle function
-pulmonary embolism
-pneumothoroax
Term
A man presents with dyspnea and shallow respirations, headache and appears to be drunk. Upon checking his HR he is tachycardic and has an irregular rhythm.
Definition
Respiratory acidosis
Term
signs/sxs of respiratory acidosis.
Definition
-Pulmonary: dyspnea, resp. distress, shallow resp.
-Nervous system: HA, restlessness, confusion, drowsiness, unresponsiveness
-Cardiac: tachycardia, dysrythmia
-May appear drunk
Term
How would you treat respiratory acidosis?
Definition
Incr. ventilation
-bag-valve masks, BiPAP, mechanical ventilation
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