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Clinical Psych: Psychoanalysis/Psychodynamic Theories
Notes from Academic Review Reading
53
Psychology
Professional
05/12/2009

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Cards

Term
Structural Theory
Definition
Freud's Theory of Personality
Term
3 parts of personality according to Freud
Definition

Id

Ego

Superego

Term
Id
Definition

Instincts, basic drives

Dominated by the pleasure principal

Term
Ego
Definition

Part of id that has been modified by interaction with the external world

 

Guided by the reality principle

 

Functions to suspend the pleasure principal according to the enviornment

Term
Superego
Definition

Conscience

 

Internalization of parental restrictions, prohibitions and customs

 

Generates guilt

Term
Defense Mechanisms
Definition

Repression

Regression

Reaction Formation

Projection

Displacement

Denial

Rationalization

Fixation

Sublimation

Projective Identification

Splitting

Intellectuatlization

Undoing

Term
Primary Process Thinking
Definition
unconscious mental processes (id)
Term
Secondary Process Thinking
Definition
Conscious mental process (ego)
Term
Repetitaion Compulsion
Definition
Individuals repeat in the present feelings/affects from the past
Term
Transference
Definition
patient to therapist projection
Term
countertransference
Definition
therapist reaction to the patient
Term
Four steps of psychoanalysis
Definition

1) Confrontation

2) Clarification

3) Interpretation to catharsis to insight

4) Working Through

Term
Jung's Analytical Psychology
Definition

Unconscious exists on 2 levels:

Collective

Individual

Term
Archetypes
Definition

Predisposition to perception and emotions that we all share

 

(jung)

Term
Extroversion
Definition

Disposition to find pleasure in internal things (generally prominent in childhood/adolescence)

 

(jung)

Term
Introversion
Definition

Turning inward of the libido - find pleasure within self (develops with age, maturity)

 

(jung)

Term
Adler's Individual Psychology
Definition
Every child experiences the Masculine Protest (inferiority that motivates him to grow)
Term
Organ Inferiority
Definition
Inferiority complex that develops in regard to a certain body part
Term
Style of Life
Definition
Patterns of compensatory behavior that people use to compensate for feelings of inferiority
Term
Goal of Adler's Indivdiual Psychology
Definition
help client replace mistaken syle of life with a healthier one
Term
Things that determine style of life
Definition

1) Family atmosphere

2) Distorted beliefs/attitudes

3) Birth order

Term
Horney
Definition

NeoFreudian

Parental behaviors cause child to experience basic anxiety

Children develop modes of relating to others to defend against basic anxiety

Term
STEP
Definition

Systematic Training for Effective Parenting

 

based on Adler's Indivdiual Psychology

Term
STET
Definition

Systematic Training for Effective Teaching

 

Based on Adler's individual psychology

Term
Neo Freudian Theorists
Definition

Horney

Stack Sullivan

Fromm

Term
Focus of Neo Freudian Theories
Definition
Focus on sociocultural determinants of personality
Term
Basic Anxiety
Definition

(Horney)

 

Feeling of helplessness and Isolation in a hostile world

Term
 3 Modes of Relating to Others (Horney)
Definition

Movement Toward Others

Movement Against Others

Movement Away from others

 

Using all 3 is most healthy

Term
Stack Sullivan
Definition

Neo Freudian

 

Recognized role of cogntive experience in personality development

 

Identified 3 modes of cognitive experience

Term
Who identified the midlife crisis
Definition
Jung
Term
Stack Sullivan's 3 modes of cognitive experience
Definition

Prototaxic Mode

Parataxic Mode

Syntaxic Mode

Term
Prototaxic Mode
Definition

Discrete, unconnected momentary states.

 

Experience before language/symbols are used (in first months of life)

 

Schizophrenic Experience

(Stack Sullivan)

Term
Parataxic Mode
Definition

Indivdiual sees causal connections between events that are not actually related - serves to reduce anxiety

 

Autistic/personal symbols

 

(stack Sullivan)

Term
Syntaxic Mode
Definition

Logical, consistent and sequential thinking

 

Symbols with shared meaning

 

Developes around 1 year

 

(stack sullivan)

Term
Parataxic Distortions
Definition

Cause neurotic behavior. occur when indivdiuals deal with others as if they were significant personsl from early life

 

(similar to transference)

(stack sullivan)

Term
Fromm
Definition
emphasized the role of societial factors in personality development
Term
How did Fromm view the true nature of people?
Definition
Fromm believed that the indivdiual has the capacity to be creative, loving and productive, but that society prevents this
Term
Fromm's 5 character styles
Definition

1) Receptive

2) Exploitative

3) Hoarding

4) Marketing

5) Productive (only style that allows indiv. to realize true nature)

Term
Ego Analysts
Definition

Anna Freud

Rappaport

Hartmann

Term
Emphasis of Ego Analysis
Definition
emphasis on the ego's role in personality development
Term
Two types of ego functions
Definition

Ego defense functions - resolution of conflict

Ego autonomous functions - Adaptive, non-conflict laden functions (learning, memory, speech and perception)

Term
Ego Analysts' view of pathology/healthy behavior
Definition

Healthy behavior is under conscious control

 

Pathology develops when ego loses its autonomy from id

Term

Ego Analysis vs Psychoanalysis

Definition
  • Ego analysis places more emphasis on current experiences
  • Ego analysis places less emphasis on transference
  • Ego analysis focuses on "reparenting"
  • Ego analysis helps client build adaptive defenses

 

Term
Object Relations Theorists
Definition

Kohut

Klein

Fairburn

Mahler

Kernberg

Winnicott

Term
Object Introject
Definition
Individuals' mental representation of a person
Term
self-representation
Definition
object introject of self
Term
object-representation
Definition
object introject of another
Term
People develop the ability to maintain the identity of self and others by age ___
Definition
3
Term
Kohut's theory focuses on ____
Definition
narcissism
Term

In psychoanalysis, the primary purpose of interpretation is to:

 

Definition
Gradually increase a client's insight into the reasons underling current behaviors and feelings
Term
From a psychoanalytic viewpoint, anxiety occurs when:
Definition
defense mechanisms have not properly modulated intrapsychic excitation
Term
What is a good sign that a working alliance in psychothearpy has been established?
Definition
The client thinks about problems outside of therapy
Term

Which is the best example of reaction formation:

a. A man who is angry at his boss yells at his wife

b. a preacher who had an affairs is vehement in his sermons about sexual immorality

c. a policeman who has violently beaten a suspect claims he was following procedure

d. a woman who shoplifts categorizes thefts alphabetically

Definition

b - a preacher preaches about sexual immorality

a = displacement

c = rationalization

d = Obsessive compulsive symptoms

 

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