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Clinical ANS & Head Overview
Pg. 36 Q&A's
16
Anatomy
Professional
02/14/2011

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Cards

Term
describe the pupillary light reflex and what structures it involves?
Definition
shining a light in the eye, noting if the pupil constricts in that eye and then the other eye; checks both cranial nerves 2 and 3
Term
describe the signs of facial nerve damage
Definition
paralysis of the muscles of facial expression resulting in a distorted face, paralysis of the orbicularis oculi muscle and if proximal enough, the ANS fibers to the lacrimal gland, thus can result in a dry eye (rare but bad)
Term
what is dysfunction of the sympathetic fibers to the eye?
Definition
horner's syndrome
Term
list the 4 cardinal signs of horner's syndrome
Definition
miosis (small pupil)
enopthalmos (small eyes)
ptosis (drooping eyelid)
protrusion of 3rd eyelid (nictitating membrane)
Term
What results in swelling or draining (pus) below the carnivore's eye?
Definition
carnassial tooth abscess (upper P4)
Term
how is aging dog by their teeth used practically?
Definition
baby teeth in by 6 weeks: vaccination time
Term
which dog teeth have 3 roots?
Definition
last 3 on top
Term
which cat permanent tooth has 3 roots?
Definition
upper PM4 (carnassial)
Term
how is a nasogastric tube placed?
Definition
thru the nostril and the ventral nasal meatus or it will break the ethmoid turbinates, resulting in epistaxis (nasal bleeding)
Term
a laryngotomy to open the larynx goes thru which paired muscles to expose the larynx?
Definition
sternohyoid muscles, middle strap muscle
Term
the esophagus is accessible to surgery in the _______ half of the neck region on the _______ side
Definition
caudal; left
Term
what surgical landmark indicates the ventral midline of the larynx?
Definition
cricothyroideus or bow tie muscle
Term
paralysis of what muscle results in "roarers" in horses? i swear, if you get this wrong...
Definition
cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle
Term
how is a tranquilized dog intubated?
Definition
gently pull the tongue rostrally, push the soft palate up with the endotracheal tube, hold the epiglottis down with the tube, direct the tube between the vocal folds into the trachea
Term
what causes laryngeal paralysis (dogs and horses) ?
Definition
damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve resulting in paralysis of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle, the only muscle to open the glottic cleft, producing a roaring sound when breathing
Term
what is a roarer?
Definition
dog or horse with laryngeal paralysis due to recurrent laryngeal nerve damage and resulting paralysis of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle
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