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Civilization II Unit 3
na
41
History
9th Grade
12/03/2012

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Term
Monsoon
Definition
seasonal winds (India)
Term
Marco Polo
Definition
-Italian foreigner/ merchant
-was let into government
-described China to other European people
Term
Dowry
Definition
money, goods, or property provided to a girl's husband when married
Term
Dao
Definition
-The Way
-the key proper behavior under Confucianism
Term
Censorate
Definition
people part of the Chinese bureaucracy that made sure government officials were doing their jobs
Term
Mandate of Heaven
Definition
-kind of like Divine Rights
-claimed by Chinese kings of Zhou dynasty that they had direct authority from heaven to rule and keep order in the universe
Term
Subcontinent
Definition
-India is this because it's separated from the rest of Asia
Term
Suttee ceremony
Definition
burning husband after death and if wife is still alive, then she is to follow him into death even if still living
Term
Genghis Khan
Definition
-most successful emperor of the Mongols and kept them from attacking western Europe
-great general (?) and good with placing his army and troops
-used spies and used terror as policy
-let foreigners inside government (Marco Polo)
Term
Aristocracy
Definition
-ruled with small group of noble families
-an upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another
Term
Wu Zhao
Definition
first and only empress of China
Term
Daoism
Definition
-based on the teachings of Laozi
-centers around human behavior
-way to heaven is through inaction
-best harmony is to not interfere with the natural order
Term
Confucius (Confucianism)
Definition
-known as first teacher
-son of peasant woman and noble father
-prophet
-religion--- filial piety
Term
Legalism
Definition
-humans are evil by nature
-impersonal and harsh laws w/ severe punishments
-rulers did not need to show compassion
Term
Asoka
Definition
-became emperor when all siblings were assassinated
-was a harsh ruler and no mercy upon anyone though had a change in heart after witnessing massacre of lots
-made people not kill animals only for food and most became veterinarians
-universities for farming, agriculture and education
-no more war only allies
-converted to Buddhism
Term
Chandragupta Maurya
Definition
-would invade people by how weak their defenses were
-first to rule over unified India
-son Bindusara
Term
Aryans (Indo-European)
Definition
-arrive in India in 2000 BC
-warrior culture
-nomadic
-expanded power to Ganges River valley and south to the Deccan Plateau
-assimilated- mixed with the people of other cultures---> Dravidian's
-lacked written language---> eventually created Sanskrit
Term
Qin Shihuangdi
Definition
-first emperor to rule China and unified it
-Great Wall of China (Long Grave Yard) and his tomb with Terracotta Warriors in it
Term
Caste System (5)
Definition
(1.) Brahmins-upper class nobles, priests; mouth
(2.) Kshatriyas-warriors; arms
(3.) Vaisyas-merchants etc.; legs
(4.) Sudras –servants, peasants; feet
*(5.) Untouchables-non believers (not Hindu)
Term
Great Wall of China
Definition
-6000 miles long
-kept invaders out and Chinese people in
-Shihuangdi had it built during his time
-Long Grave Yard
-tons of people died making the wall
-mostly peasants
-was road to transport goods
-made during the Qin dynasty
Term
Mahenjo-Daro/ Harappa
Definition
-made on the Indus river
Term
The Period of Warring States (475-221 BC)
Definition
-civil war between families
-Sun Tzu and the Art of War- how a leader should command his troop
-emergence of Qin Dynasty
-things were primitive
-soldiers were farmers
-during Zhou dynasty
Term
Sanskrit
Definition
-created by the Aryans
-use of it were:
-Vedas--oral hymns
Term
Gentry
Definition
-were scholar officials, new social class, served the government and had pony tails and long fingernails
Term
Advances of the Song/ Tang Dynasties
Definition
Song:
-block print
-magnetic compass
Tang:
-steel weapons and tools
-gunpowder=flamethrower/ fire-lance
Term
Zheng He and importance of his voyages
Definition
-built huge fleet, one of the largest in history
-went to India
-believed he touched the shore of what will become the USA in 1421 and Florence Italy in 1428 during the Renaissance
-died 1433 and fleet is destroyed by new emperor w/records of travels
-ends exploration
-China is isolated
-ruins colonizing any part of the wolrd before Europeans
-miss out on things in the years to come= Age of Exploration, Columbus, Renaissance, Industrial Revolution (because he died and all this happens in 1433)
Term
Khmer/ Angkor
Definition
most powerful empire of the Southeast Asia area for hundreds of years
Term
Vietnam
Definition
-the only region to be influenced by the Chinese
-first people in Southeast Asia to develop their own state and culture
Term
Shogun
Definition
is a military general of a centralized government in Japan in the day
Term
Berbers
Definition
-were nomadic
-traded gold with the Arabs for salt to preserve meats
-still exists today
-carry the goods across the desert for the Ghana people and themselves
Term
Samurai
Definition
-Japanese warriors
-were not to unsheathe swords unless to draw blood
Term
Daimyo
Definition
is a leader of a noble family of a decentralized government
Term
Bushido
Definition
code of laws that the samurai lived by
Term
Ghana
Definition
-first great trading state in West Africa
-lots of gold and wanted to control trade routes of gold, ivory and salt
Term
Axum
Definition
-first and possibly the only African civilization to convert to Christianity
-though eventually converts to Islam
Term
Han Dynasty
Definition
1.civil service examination
2.steel
3.paper
4.textile manufactures
5.increased boundaries of China
6. rudder and fore and aft
Term
Ming Dynasty
Definition
-nation wide school system
-Yong Le began constructing the Imperial City
-moved capital to Beijing
-Zheng He ans his fleet
-Great Canal
-Forbidden City
-brought back Confucius
Term
Islands of Japan
Definition
1.Hokkaido
2. Honshu
3. Kyushu
4.Shikoku
Term
Sui Dynasty
Definition
-Grand Canal in the making to ling the great rivers of China; the Huang He and Chang Jiang
Term
Qing Dynasty
Definition
-emperors pacified country
-banner men were the chief fighting force of the empire (foreigners in sense)
-overthrown by Nationalists
restored peace and prosperity
Term
Kush
Definition
-capital- Meroe and large trading center
-first civilization after the Egyptians cause they conquered them
-wanted to control the trading of ivory, gold and salt
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