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Civil War Terms
N/A
68
History
11th Grade
09/22/2011

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Term
Compromise of 1850
Definition
California becomes a free state, popular sovereignty decides which new states will become slave or free.
Term
Wilmot Provis
Definition
Barred slavery from territories obtained during the Mexican-American War.
Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition
The vote of the local people's majority to decide the outcome of policy.
Term
Stephen Douglas
Definition
Ran against Lincoln in the 1860 election, Nothern Democrat.
Term
Fugitive Slave Act
Definition
Allowed fugitive slaves in the North to be captured and brought back into the South.
Term
Underground Railroad
Definition
Network of People and resources that allowed slaves to escape North through organized and hidden routes.
Term
Harriet Tubman
Definition
Former slave who made expeditions back into the south to rescue other slaves.
Term
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Definition
Antislavery writer who was very influential in rallying support against slavery.
Term
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Definition
Book depicting life as a slave, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Term
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Definition
Allowed the states of Kansas and Nebraska to become states and decide the allowacne of slavery by popular sovereignty.
Term
John Brown
Definition
Violent Abolitionist who led a fail slavery uprising and was subsequently hanged in Virginia.
Term
Bleeding Kansas
Definition
Sequence of Violent events between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces residing in Kansas
Term
Nativism
Definition
Favoring the interests of native peoples over that of immigrants and non-natives.
Term
Know Nothing Party
Definition
Short lived political party supporting Nativist beliefs
Term
Free-Soil Party
Definition
Political Party with the belief that all new states added to the U.S. should be free.
Term
Horace Greely
Definition
Presidential Candidate that was a liberal republican and writter of influential newspaper.
Term
James Buchanan
Definition
15th U.S. president, Democrat.
Term
Dred Scott
Definition
Sued former slave holder for his freedom, Sanford, and failed.
Term
Roger Taney
Definition
Influential Supreme court justice in the Dred Scott case outcome
Term
Abraham Lincoln
Definition
16th President of the U.S., led the Union during Civil War.
Term
Freeport Doctrine
Definition
Doctrine by Stephen Douglas stating that slavery could be excluding from terriories in the U.S. by local legislation.
Term
Harpers Ferry
Definition
Place at which John Brown seized the U.S. arsenal. Fail.
Term
Confederacy
Definition
The name given to the southern states that seceeded from the Union.
Term
Jefferson Davis
Definition
The only president of the Confederate States of America.
Term
Fort Sumter
Definition
Located at Charleston, SC. Cite of the spark of the Civil War.
Term
Anaconda Plan
Definition
Union strategy of blocking Southern trade, thereby starving the Confederacy of supplies to conduct War.
Term
Bull Run
Definition
Site of 2 Confederate battle victories.
Term
Stonewall Jackson
Definition
Brilliant Confederate General, lost life to friendly fire.
Term
George McClellan
Definition
Failure of a General,fired by Abraham Lincoln after Antietam.
Term
Ulysses S Grant
Definition
Successful Union General who's tactics won the war for the North.
Term
Shiloh
Definition
2 day battle between Union and Confederate armies, led to multiple Union victories.
Term
David Farragut
Definition
Union naval officer with Decisive victories for the Union in Alabama.
Term
Monitor vs Virginia
Definition
First battle of Ironclad warships, neither won, and both were sunk in 1862.
Term
Robert E Lee
Definition
Brilliant Confederate General of the Army of Northern Virginia, gave south its greatest chance at ultimate victory.
Term
Antietam
Definition
Bloodiest Civil war battle.
Term
Emancipation Proclamation
Definition
Declared all slaves to be free by Abraham Lincoln in 1863, didn't reach some southern places until the end of the war.
Term
Conscription
Definition
Military Draft
Term
Fort Pillow
Definition
Fort along the Mississippi river that was controlled by the Union for most of the War. Battle there was a slaughtering win for the Confederates in 1864.
Term
Andersonville
Definition
Notorious Confederate Prison in Georgia, deathplace of 12000 union soldiers.
Term
Clara Barton
Definition
Founder of the Red Cross after seeing horrendus nursing conditions during the Civil War.
Term
Chancellorsville
Definition
Site of Confederate Victory in Virginia, Stonewall Jackson mortally wounded.
Term
Vicksburg
Definition
City besieged and taken by Union during the Civil War by Ulysses S Grant.
Term
Gettysburg Address
Definition
Short address given by Lincoln following the battle of Gettysburg expressing sorrow and hope for the end of the Civil War.
Term
William T Sherman
Definition
Union general who led his famous and destructive march to the Sea.
Term
13th Amendment
Definition
Slavery is officially made illegal.
Term
Red Cross
Definition
Medical and Relief organization founded during the civil war.
Term
John Wilkes Booth
Definition
Assasinator of Abraham Lincoln.
Term
Andrew Johnson
Definition
The Hated by All president after Lincoln, a Southerner.
Term
Reconstruction
Definition
Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War.
Term
Radical Republicans
Definition
Nothern Republicans who wanted the South to be punished for its involvment in the Civil War.
Term
Appomattox Couthouse
Definition
Site of the end negotiations of the Civil War.
Term
Wade-Davis Bill
Definition
Bill passed by Congress to support stronger restrictions on southern states being readmitted into the Union.
Term
Freedman's Bureau
Definition
Founded by congress during the Reconstruction to ease the transition of Southern Blacks from slavery to freedom.
Term
Black Codes
Definition
Codes that were founded in order to establish white supremacy in the South.
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
Stated that former slaves could obtain citizenship.
Term
15th Amendment
Definition
People of Any race can vote.
Term
Scalawags
Definition
Southern whites who supported the reconstruction after the Civil War.
Term
Carpetbaggers
Definition
Northerners who moved South during the reconstruction Era.
Term
Hirma Revels
Definition
First African Amercian to serve in the U.S. Senate.
Term
Sharecropping
Definition
Situation in which a landowner allows a tennant to tend his land in return for a certain share of the crop it produces.
Term
Tenant Farmer
Definition
Farmer who worked for a sharecropper, often blacks during the reconstruction.
Term
KKK
Definition
Ku Klux Klan. Enough said.
Term
Panic of 1873
Definition
Economic Depression in Europe and the United States in 1873 due to lack of Demand for Silver.
Term
Rutherford Hayes
Definition
19th president of the U.S., Oversaw reconstruction.
Term
Samuel Tilden
Definition
Democratic Candidate for U.S. election, lost.
Term
Samuel Tilden
Definition
Democratic Candidate for U.S. election, lost.
Term
Compromise of 1877
Definition
Corrupt Bargain in which Hayes became president in return for Southern benefits.
Term
Home Rule
Definition
States rights to govern their local territory
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