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Civil War Final
CW final for AU
31
History
Undergraduate 2
12/11/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Richmond
Definition
capitol of CSA; has bulk of South’s industry; is in historic Virginia; is regarded as the heart and soul of the South; by the end of the war, has lots of damage
Term
General McDowell
Definition
Northern general whose troops first tried to take Richmond; fought well in beginning, but Southern troops broke through line; women watching in carriages fled too
Term
Winfield Scott
Definition
“General of the Army;” wrote no reports to Lincoln about the progress of the troops; Lincoln tells Scott that he needs to know what’s going on; used telegraphs and carrier pigeons
Term
George B. McClellan
Definition
general who trained Union army--wrote books/manuals, made standards for soldiers--created 1st modern army; replaced McDowell; second to try and capture Richmond but failed; attacked Lee at Antietam--Lincoln fires him after this battle
Term
Antietam
Definition
Lincoln wants victory; McClellan attacks Lee--23,000 casualties in one day--bloodiest 1 day battle in all American history; Lee brings reinforcements from Harpers Ferry--South’s lines do not break; McClellan fired
Term
Enrollment Act (S)
Definition
18-35 year old white males called to join army--must serve 6 months; men up to 45 called later; could be exempt if you hired someone to replace you or if you owned more than 20 slaves
Term
Compromise of 1877
Definition
Rutherford B. Hayes elected president, but only after Republicans and Democrats made a deal
1.Hayes must pull troops out of South
2.Must put Democrats in positions of power in Southern gov
3.Must restore railroad in South
Term
North Draft
Definition
quarter master must hunt down recruits; no one can leave country if called; draft enacted by Congressional districts; post office finds people for draft; provokes high desertion rates
Term
Carpetbaggers
Definition
were really:
business men who invested in the South
their presence aided to the recovery of the South
Term
Knights of the Golden Circle
Definition
secret organization that tried to prevent, then stop the war--held democratic sympathies
Term
Morrill Tariff 1862
Definition
kept out foreign manufactured goods; cotton came from the Northeast, so the tariff provides protection for Northeastern economy
Term
Pacific Railroad Act 1862
Definition
allowed for expansion of railroad--wanted to get goods to west coast, ultimately to trade with China
Term
Scalawags
Definition
wanted to go into business and make jobs
were Southern
seen as betraying old South
wanted to make the South's economy more divers
Term
Beverly Nash argued...
Definition
for people to be able to use the rights and privileges given to them so they could learn over time how to use the rights

1. you can’t learn how to use your rights if you’re not allowed to use them
Term
General Oliver Howard
Definition
ran Bureau (Freedmens)
picked officers that would eventually betray him
Term
Freedmens Bureau
Definition
1. rations distributed to starving people
2. take care of freed slaves
3. land abandoned by Southerners sold to freed slaves--was this legal?
1. some Northerners sold the land which caused Court cases
4. redistributed resources to civilians--basis of New Deal, first time government steps in
5. education--schools start to be built for freed blacks
Term
Homestead Act of 1862
Definition
freed up gov land for settlers; people could claim 160 acres of land and could solidify claim by having residency for 5 years
Term
Land Grant College Act
Definition
feds granted land to states to build colleges specifically to teach agricultural and mechanical arts
Term
Emancipation Proclamation
Definition
Lincoln’s document that freed slaves in seceded states; did not free slaves in border states
Term
Major John C. Fremont
Definition
said all slaves free way before Emancipation Proclamation passed; Lincoln fires him for it
Term
General David Hunter
Definition
begins to enlist black soldiers in South Carolina--Lincoln does not fire him, but he asks him to retract the order
Term
Confiscation Act
Definition
freed slaves held by slave owners loyal to South; July 1862
Term
Gettysburg
Definition
Lee moves north; tries to outflank Union army; Picket’s Charge; turning point for Union army--North thinks it can win now; bloodiest battle in American history; remembered in Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
Term
Lincoln vs. Radicals
Definition
In general
Lincoln saw white future for the Union and wanted to get loyalty from Southern whigs

Radicals- wanted blacks to be equal and Republican
Term
Lincoln's death
Definition
April 14, 1865
Booth
Seward was almost killed as well
Term
Vicksburg
Definition
Union gains control of Mississippi River; Grant and Sherman lead Union troops
Term
Election of 1864
Definition
difficult election for Lincoln; Democrats campaign on ending war; Andrew Johnson chosen as running mate; Lincoln refers to Republican party as “Union Party”
Term
Five Forks
Definition
April 1, 1865; Grant cuts last Southern rail lines, then pursues Lee
Term
April 9, 1865
Definition
Lee surrenders
Term
May 10, 1865
Definition
Johnson surrenders
Term
Appomattox Court House
Definition
Lee officially surrenders to Grant; unconditional surrender; Grant gives rations to CSA troops; officers can keep horses and side arms; troops turn in rifles and go home; war ends peacefully
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