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Chronic Renal Failure and Dialysis
Clinical Medicine Test 3
12
Medical
Graduate
10/06/2010

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Cards

Term
What populations have a higher incidence of chronic renal failure?
Definition
1) African Americans
2) Native Americans
Term
What are the most frequent causes of chronic renal failure?
Definition
1) Type I diabetes (1/3)
2) Type II (2/3)
Term
What is the first sign of renal disease in diabetes mellitus?
Definition
microalbuminuria
Term
Which symptom best differentiates between CRF and ARF?
Definition
itching
Term
At what creatinine level does anemia typically occur?
Definition
> 3 mg/dl
Term
When does hyperkalemia usually occur?
Definition
Late, usually with GFR <10%
Term
Creatinine clearance formula?
Definition
(140-age)x weight (kg) / 72x serum creatinine mg/dl

for women x 0.85
Term
What are 5 considerations in long term management of chronic diabetes?
Definition
1) Avoid nephrotoxic drugs
2) Role of dietary protein - controversial
3) Control of hyperphosphatemia
4) control of acidosis
5) treatment of concomitant disorders (anemia, uremic bleeding)
Term
What are 5 indications for initiation of dialysis
Definition
1) creatinine >6 mg/dl
2) edema
3) myoclonus
4) lethargy
5) pericarditis
Term
What 5 concomitant conditions do you want to control in long-term dialysis patients?
Definition
1) HTN
2) Hyperphosphatemia
3) Secondary hyperparthyroidism
4) Anemia
5) Infection
Term
What to most patients present with on long-term dialysis?
Definition
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Term
What are most infections caused from in chronic renal dialysis?
Definition
temporary devices to gain vascular access for hemodialysis - indwelling cathetors have the most risk
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