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Christian Heritage
Test 2
44
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
02/25/2010

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Augustine
Definition
wrote "Confessions"- story about a christian's daily life
Term
Monica
Definition
Augustine's mother who was a devout Christian and prayed for his salvation daily
Term
Adeodatus
Definition
Augustine's son who he had with his concubine-means gift of God
Term
manicheism
Definition
Mani was called to create a religion that would supersede all previously existing religions. At the heart of the teaching is that from the beginning of time there has been darkness and light
Term
Elect
Definition
special group of Manichean leaders who were vegetarian and celibate
Term
Hearers
Definition
on fringes of Manichean
Term
Ambrose of Milan
Definition
learned Christian Bishop and former provincial governor.Taught Augustine
Term
Donatists
Definition
opponents of Caecilian, appealed to emperor Constantine. He denied there appeal and from that point on were a branch of Christianity that was underground. Thrived in North Africa
Term
original sin
Definition
the fall of man. Adam and Eve
Term
Pelagius
Definition
gave spiritual advice to Christians in Rome. Like Augustine, a bitter opponet of Manichees. Taught Christians to live a simple, poor life. Got in to conflicts with Augustine about varying views on sin, grace, and human nature
Term
predestination
Definition
in Augustine's theology. God decided beforehand who would be save and who would be damned
Term
Constantinople
Definition
the capital of the Roman Empire during Constantine's reign. He moved it here to unite the empire more
Term
Justinian
Definition
attempted to restore Roman rule in the West. His military expeditions into Italy and North Africa to restore Roman territory were generally successful, although the lands were lost again immediately after his death
Term
orthodox
Definition
formed from Greek words meaning "right praise" or "right opinion." Orthodox Christians consider themselves to be a single church in the sense they share a single faith, however Orthodoxy is a communion of churches
Term
Eusebius of Caesarea
Definition
Christian scholar who celebrated Constantine's reign, "as in heaven, so on earth." Emperor serves as God's lieutenant on earth.
Term
Hagia Sophia
Definition
(Church of Holy Wisdom) built by Justinian as image of harmonious working together of empire and church for common good
Term
Caesaropapism
Definition
civil ruler also served as head of church
Term
icon
Definition
visual representation of Christ, Mary, angels, or saints
Term
iconodules
Definition
saw icons as fundamental to the authentic profession of Christian faith.
Term
iconoclasts
Definition
considered veneration of icons as superstitious at best and idolatrous at worst
Term
iconostasis
Definition
"icon screen", a wall bearing icons arranged in a prescribed order, which divides the sanctuary from the nave
Term
Hesychia
Definition
"inner stillness" or "silence of heart."
Term
Jesus prayer
Definition
used by hesychast to seek hesychia. "Lord Jesus Christ, Son of the living God, have mercy on me, a sinner"
Term
Gregory Palamas
Definition
defended the heschyiasts in "The Triads."taught on the energies of God. his teachings were confirmed by local councils and the hesychast movement was validated
Term
filioque
Definition
"and the Son"
Term
papal primacy
Definition
difference between Catholics having the Pope has their leader and Eastern Christianity Church not having one leader.
Term
nestorian
Definition
Assyrian Church was called this because in accepted the Christology promoted by Nestoriusm that Jesus had two separate natures (one the perfect man without sin who is son of Mary in flesh, the other the divine word of God, or Logos settled within him)
Term
Basil of Caesarea
Definition
developed urban monasticism. saw hospitality for society's marginalized as a special mark of monastic vocation. his monks lived close to cities and helped care for sick, raise orphans and provide food and clothing for poor
Term
John Cassian
Definition
father of Western Monasticism. Organized monasteries for monks and nuns near Marseilles. Wrote The Conferences and The Institutes
Term
Benedict of Nursia
Definition
wrote standardized form of monasticism. prayed 8 times a day. Pray and Work(Ora et labora)
Term
feudal system
Definition
landlords deeded monks land to build monasteries. monasteries then had to provide military assistance and hire serfs to work land
Term
lay investiture
Definition
emperors took upon right to appoint church officials. they appointed men with family connections.
Term
simony
Definition
buying and selling of spiritual things, including leadership positions
Term
concubinage
Definition
monastic reformers spoke out against it. Catholics require this of bishops til this day
Term
Gregory 1
Definition
known as Gregory the Great. In his early life he sold all his possesions and lived the monastery life and helped the poor. As Pope he directed many missions to Germany. Sent Augustine to British Isles to evangelize
Term
Gregory 7
Definition
Was part of the reform movement. Spoke out against lay investiture, simony, and concubinage. After Emperor appointed officials who weren't worthy, Gregory excommunicated him and said he didn't have any authority as emperor.
Term
sacramentary
Definition
book of prayers needed by a priest to celebrate Eucharist. composed by Gregory 1.
Term
Roman Rite
Definition
fusion of sober classical Roman prayer with dramatic, exuberant Frankish, primary form of liturgy for Roman Church. attempt to standardize worship
Term
Gregorian Chant
Definition
fusion of chants used in city of Rome together with native chants of Frankish Churches. sung in unison so people could here biblical texts
Term
Romanesque architecture
Definition
adaption of ancient Roman architectural practices to the changed circumstances of early Middle Ages. developed stane vautled buildings, heavy walls, and piers.
Term
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
Definition
most important early midieval theologian. all affirmations concerning God must be denied since the divine reality supersedes any earthly quality that might be used to describe it.
Term
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
Definition
most important early midieval theologian. all affirmations concerning God must be denied since the divine reality supersedes any earthly quality that might be used to describe it.
Term
Symeon the New Theologian
Definition
monk, abbot, theologian, and poet, one of most Spirit-centered of all Christian writers. Possible for every baptized Christian to attain direct conscious experience with the holy spirit
Term
Amselm of Canterbury
Definition
Benedictine monk who eventually rose to Archbishop of Canterbury. Said God had to become human to forgive our sins. argued that God(who is bigger than thought) had to exist since we could think of him
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