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Chpt. 11
Personality
37
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/04/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Personality
Definition

an individual's unique collections of consistent behavioral traits

consistent tendency to behave in certain ways

distinctive- not everyone acts the same in dif. situations

 

Term
Five Factor Model of Peronality Traits
Definition

Openness to experience- curiosity, flexibility, imaginative

Conscientiousness- diligent, organized, punctual, associated w/ high GPA, occupational attainment,

Extraversion- outgoing, sociable, friendly, upbeat, job attainment

Agreeableness- sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, lower likelihood of divorce

Neuroticism- anxious, hostile, insecure, increased likelihood of divorce and health disorders

Term
Psychoanalytic Theory
Definition

personality is shaped by early childhood experiences

unconsious motives and conflicts

methods used to cope with sexual and aggresive urges

Term
Id
Definition

pleasure principle- immediate gratification

primary process thinking

behavior of newborns

Term
Ego
Definition

reality principle

mediates between id and superego

secondary- process thinking

Term
Superego
Definition

moral guide, restrains impulses

values and cultural standards of society transmitted through adults

emerges around 3-5

Term
Conscious
Definition
Whatever one is aware of at a particular point of time
Term
Preconscious
Definition

Just beneath the surface of awareness

easily retreived

Term
Unconscious
Definition

Thoughts, memories, desires that are below surface

excert great influence on behavior

Id

Term
Defense Mechanisms
Definition

unconsious reactions that defend against unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt

utilize self deception

Term
Repression
Definition
keeps thoughts buried in unconscious
Term
Projection
Definition
attributing one's thoughts or feelings onto another
Term
displacement
Definition
putting emotions on the wrong person
Term
Reaction formation
Definition
behave in the exact opposite way then how a person feels
Term
regression
Definition
acting young/ going back in time
Term
Rationalization
Definition
creating false excuses to justify unacceptable behavior
Term
Identification
Definition
boistering self esteem by uniting with a group or person
Term
Psychosexual Stages of Development
Definition

basic personality foundations set by age 5

periods of sexual focuses that shift throughout early childhood

 

Term
psychosexual Stages of development
Definition
[image]
Term
Carl Jung
Definition

Analytical Psychology

Personal unconscious: material not w/in conscious awareness

collective unconcious: storehouse of latent memory traces inhereted from ancestors, shared by entire human race

Term
Archetypes
Definition
emotionally charged images and thoughts with universal meaning
Term
Alfred Adler
Definition

Individual psychology

striving for superiority: drive to adapt and improve, childhod feelings of inferiority motivate getting new skills,

prime goal of life

compensation: efforts to overcome inferiorities be developing skills

Term
Inferiority Complex
Definition
feelings of anxiety caused by parental pampering or neglect
Term
Berhaviorism
Definition

Skinner

psych should only study observable behaviors

personality a collections of responses to various stimuli

repeat behaviors reinforced, new experiences can lead to changes in responces

continuous lifelong journey

Term
Bandura
Definition

personality shaped through learning

seek out and process info to maximize good outcomes

oBservational Learning:

shaped by models, result of imitation

Term
Self- Efficiency
Definition
belief about one's own abilities to perform influence how they will perform in reality
Term
Behaviorism
Definition

Mischel

sitiuation is important in determining behavior

people are not as consistent across situations

too much generalization from animals to humans

Term
Humanism
Definition

emphasize unique qualities of humans ex. freedom and growth

optimistic view of human nature

not helpless to unconscious and id

Term
Person-Center Theory
Definition

Carl Rogers

self concept

collection of beliefs about one's own personality

subjective

Term
Incongruence
Definition

your view of yourself is not on point of how you act in reality

may result in anxiety

casue by conditional love from parents

Term
Self-Actualization
Definition

Maslow

hierarchy of needs

need for self actualization and fulfill one's potential, frustration occurs when unable to fulfill

 

Term
Biological Perspectives
Definition

Hans Eysenck

heirarchy of traits

some individuals more easily conditioned then others becuase of physiological functioning

twin studies show that family enviornment has impact on personality

Term
Evolutionary Approach
Definition

natural selections favored certain traits

big 5 reflect most salient features

Term
Terror Management Theory
Definition

instinctive drive for self preservation

we have self awareness and contemplation of the future

ex. inevitability of death

self esteem protects against anxiety

Term
Pondering Mortality Associted with
Definition

admisitering harsh penalties for moral transgression

more negative responces to cultural criticisms

large rewards for upholding cultural standards

more respect for icons

negative feelings for other cultures

aggressive behavior toward opposing political views

Term
Self Report Tests
Definition

MMPI

Deception

Social Desirablity

Responce Sets

Term
Projective Tests
Definition

Rorschach

Thematic Apperception Test

not very reliable

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