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Children's Literature
History, picture books, poetry, mythology, folklore, Alice's Adventures, Frindle
90
Literature
Undergraduate 3
10/18/2011

Additional Literature Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
something interesting about children's lit and what does this mean?
Definition
only kind of lit written by people who will not be reading it so adults are deciding what children want to read
Term

when did literature become big?

before this, who read?

Definition
after invention of the printing press. before only men of the clergy read
Term
what were the first children's books like?
Definition
they were purely instructional and had religious connotations
Term
when did the first picture book come to be?
Definition
the 17th century
Term
John Locke: who was he as why was he important?
Definition
philosopher and physician who disagreed with the Puritans.  He thought believed in the importance of literacy for intellectual reasons
Term
John Newbery: who was he and why was he important?
Definition
publisher of children's books.  believed in literature for entertainment. the Newbery award for children's books 
Term
Jean Jaques Rousseau: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
philosopher, writer, composer. believed in object lesson: hands-on learning
Term
what is the relevance of the year 1865?
Definition
this is considered the beginning of the Golden Age of children's lit. in which imagination flourished and talented writers were writing for children
Term
Who wrote Alice's Adventures in Wonderland?"
Definition
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, better known as Lewis Carroll
Term
What kind of plot stucture is found in Alice and what is its relevance?
Definition
episodic plot structure to reflect a dream.  in the end, we find that she does in fact wake up to find the whole thing had been a dream
Term
how do the mad hatter, march hare, and the doormouse relate to real life?
Definition

mad hatter: mercury was used to make hats causing hatters brain damage

march hare: march is mating season causing hares to get a little whacky

doormouse: nocturnal animal - explains falling asleep

Term
what political topics are seen in Alice?
Definition
reference to the ever popular tea party as an actual tea party, the strange trial of the Knave of Hearts suggests that rules should be removed from rule-bound activities, caucus race shown as a literal race
Term
what is the moral of Alice?
Definition
not everything needs a moral
Term
what does Alice suggest about the way the world works?
Definition
it can be illogical - seology makes sense - and too strict - make things fun!
Term
Does Alice develop as a character?
Definition
maybe a little. in the beginning she seems a little insensitive with the mouse but by the end she is sure not to offend the turtle
Term
what is Alice like?
Definition
confident, sometimes rude, insensitive
Term
Caldecott
Definition
award specifically for picture books' illustrations
Term
What is the significance of Where the Wild Things Are?
Definition
showed how pictures can help to tell a story
Term
Molly Bang: who was she and why is che important
Definition
illustrator. her abstract pictures carry the emotion of the text
Term
author of Frindle
Definition
Andrew Clements
Term
How is Frindle similar to Alice
Definition
main character is curious and imaginative, the pictures are black and white sketches, and both question the meaning of words
Term
how is Nick different from Alice?
Definition
gender, genre: fantasy v. realistic fiction, plot structure: episodic v. dramatic, parents v. no parents, school v. unimportance/uselessness of school
Term
iambic meter
Definition
u / : spooky tone : Marie
Term
trochee
Definition
/ u : Mary
Term
anapest
Definition
u u / : lymric : Dr. Seuss : Mary Ann
Term
dactyl
Definition
/ u u : Marian
Term
pyrrhic
Definition
u u : calm
Term
spondee
Definition
/ / : action
Term
How did Theodore Geisl change children's books in the '50s?
Definition
at the time, children's writers had to follow a list of 300 words.  Geisl from a way to use 220 and still make his book more interesting than Fun With Dick and Jane
Term
Quatrain
Definition
four lines
Term
ballad
Definition
four line stanzas, ABAB, narrative
Term
haiku
Definition
3 lines, 17 syllables : 5, 7, 5; usually lyric
Term
limeric
Definition
5 lines, usually funny, anapestic meter, AABBA
Term
Sonnet
Definition
14 lines, lyric, love
Term
concrete
Definition
words form a picture
Term
direct imagery
Definition
images that appeal to the senses
Term
indirect imagery
Definition
mataphor, simile, personification, onomatopoeia - all language comparisons
Term
Joseph Campbell: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
psychologist who saw developmental arcs in mythological stories - the reason we are interested in these stories is because they tell our stories
Term
Piaget: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
cognitive development. sensory motor : touch and feel books; preoperational : past present and future
Term
Erikson: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
inter- and intrapersonal. trust v. mistrust : why hildren ask to read books over and over; autonomy v. shame and doubt : Peter Rabbit
Term
Kohlberg: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
moral development
Term
Vygostky: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
conditioning
Term
traditional tale
Definition
a tale who's origins are in oral tradition
Term
3 types of traditional tales
Definition
myths, epic hero tales, folklore
Term
main character of myths
Definition
supernatural deities
Term
main characters of epic hero tales
Definition
larger-than-life humans
Term
main characters of folklore
Definition
relatively "normal" humans or animals
Term
pourquoi tale. example
Definition
why something natural is the way it is
Term
what are the 3 bodies of mythology? what are their characteristics?
Definition
Greek + Roman : a lot of gods and goddesses with human characteristics; Judeo-Christian-Trinity: one god that is not particularly human; Norse: forces of good and evil are at war but evil will eventuall win (hang on no matter what- courage)
Term
what are the two mythological theories of the creation of humans? explain
Definition
monogenesis (all began in one place but oral stories have shifted over time acording to area) and polygenesis (many beginnings but there is something in us that makes us want to tell the same story)
Term
what happens in a linear journey
Definition
in order for the main haracter to be successful, he or she must end up in a different place
Term
what happens in a circular journey
Definition
a character may leave (departure), change (through a series of trials), and come back (return)
Term
what may be the reasons for departure in a circular tale?
Definition
accidental, by choice, by force
Term
what is the threshold in a circular tale?
Definition
where the old life becomes the new life
Term
give an example of a circular tale. explain
Definition

Harry Potter

departure: sort of by choice

threshold: platform 9 3/4

guide: Hagrid

called to adventure: letters

Term
transformative trial
Definition
the trial that chages. can be death and resurrection, death of a loved one, birth of a child, marriage, tragedy, etc
Term
4 rewards for hero that makes it throught the trials
Definition
sacred marriage, father atonement, apotheosis, elixer theft (promethius: fire)
Term
Arrow to the Sun author
Definition
Gerald McDermott
Term
what kind of journey is Arrow to the Sun? explain
Definition

Circular

departure: wants to find father

threshold guide: arrow maker turns him into arrow and shoots him to sun god

trials: lions, snakes, bees, lightning

return: successful

reward: father atonement, apotheosis, boon (rain)

Term
what are the two types of folklore? define
Definition

traditional: oral in origin (no author, only retellers)

literary: author uses motifs of traditional folklore but claims authorship

Term
Charles Perrault: who was he and why is he important?
Definition
reteller of folklore - Cinderella, Little Red Riding Hood
Term
the Grimm brothers
Definition
retellers of folklore
Term
variants
Definition
the same story is found in different cultures
Term
adaptations
Definition
similar story line adapted to a different time or place
Term
motif
Definition
smallest element in a tale, having the power to exist in tradition
Term
what are the 3 types of motifs? define
Definition

character motifs: flat and arguable dynamic (evil stepmother, damsel in distress, rescuer)

setting motifs (castles, woods)

plot motif: (girl treated poorly, misusing wishes, going through great lengths to have a child)

Term
stylizes intensification
Definition
character must do the same thing over and over but the activity gets more and more intense: trials
Term
wondertale. example
Definition
any tale that contains magic. Cinderella
Term
beast tale. example
Definition
any tale that has animals as the main characters. The Three Little Pigs
Term
Noodlehead tales. example
Definition
main character is not too bright. The Three Sillies
Term
cummulative tale. example
Definition
repetitive and builds on itself. The Twelve Days of Christmas
Term
tall tale. example
Definition
over exaggerated to exaggerate the heroism. doesn't need basis in reality fore humorous exaggeration. Birth of Paul Bunyan
Term
legend. example
Definition
over exaggerated to exaggerate the heroism. about someone who was or is thought to be real. Legend of John Henry
Term
Who gave Little Red Riding Hood her name?
Definition
Charles Perrault
Term
Paul Delarue's version of Red
Definition

"The Story of Grandmother"

- warewolf

- little girl can take care of herself

Term
"Little Red Riding Hood" by Perrault
Definition

- story is prettied-up for the court and targeted toward the wealthy (no blood, red hood)

- wolf

- wolf eats her

- if you are a nicel brought up pretty girl, beware of "wolves" because if you are seduced, no one will marry you

 

Term
"Little Red Cap"
Definition

Grimm brothers

- country-fied (cap)

- written to raise up German culture and lit

- more violent

- can learn from mistakes

Term
"The Chinese Red Riding Hoods"
Definition
Isabelle Chang
Term
Cinderella-type stories motif
Definition

- evil family situation

- neglected child

- rescuer/love interest

- magic help

- "meeting place"

- "shoe test"

- outcome

Term
Cinderella
Definition

Perrault

- evil family sit: step-mom and 2 mean sisters

- neg child: Cinderella

- rescuer/love interest: prince

- magic help: fairy god mother

- "meeting place": ball

- "shoe test": glass slipper

- outcome: HEA, stsers married to lords

Term
Aschenputtel
Definition

Grimm

- evil family sit: step-mom and 3 mean sis- meet real mom

- reg. child: Aschenputtel

- rescuer/love interest: prince

- magic help: birds and tree @ mom's grave

- "meeting place": festival

- "shoe test": gold slipper

- outcome: HEA, sisters eyes pecked out + feel mutilated

Term
compare two cinderella tales
Definition
grimm has a wider range of emotion, focuses on revenge, and appeals to "normal" people.  Perrault shows more "elegance" 
Term
"Beauty and the Beast"
Definition

Madame Beaumont

- intended to be instructional (even if you are married off to an ugly man, he could turn out to be a real prince)

- could have originated from the story of Cupid and Psyche

Term
Molly Whuppie
Definition

Joseph Jacobs

- violent but only because its a girl character

- very similar to Jack and the Beanstalk

- active woman role

Term
The Brave Little Taylor
Definition

Grimm Bros

- trickster

Term
Puss in Boots
Definition

Perrault

- youngest son gets cat

- cat uses tricker to gain power wealth and love for the boy

Term
give a brief summary of Max Luthi's "The Fairytale Hero: The Image of Man in the Fairytale"
Definition
The male characters are usually the hero by the end.  They are often wanderers, isolated, gifted, and led through an unsafe world.  Luthi also tells us that we tend to be partial to the underdog, who ultimately rises up
Term
give a breif summary of Bruno Bettelheim's "The Struggle for Meaning"
Definition
Bettelheim worked with mentally disturbed children.  he felt that they search for the meaning of life through folklore and fairytales. he feels that these types of stories are more relateable to children and are more straightforward and real - they don't lie or leave out "bad" things. a struggle in life is inevitable. just don't give up and you will persevere
Term
give a breif summary of Karen Rowe's "Feminism in Fairytales"
Definition
Rowe believes that fairytales cause a girl to be passive, dependent, and self-sacrificing.  She says that the only way we can get around this is by looking past the story or being educated
Term
give a breif summary of Betsy Hearne's "Disney Revisited, or, Jiminy Cricket, It's Musty Down Here"
Definition
Hearne asks the question is it a good or bad thing that Disney was so good at what he did? (shaping children's minds into one mold. his films were meant to sell). Disney cut out the bad and literally claimed the stories as his own but many stories would not be as well known if not for him.
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