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Child and Adolescent Disorders
Child and Adolescent Disorders
27
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
02/08/2014

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Term
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Definition
1. Begin early in life (before 2 or atbirth)
2. Have wide-ranging effects on cognitive, behavioral and emotional development
3. Biological basis in nervous system
Term
Intellectual Disability
Definition
Deficits in: Intellectual, Adaptive, Independence, Social
Term
Mild ID
Definition
IQ 55-69
85% of ID
Mostly independent, occasional assistance, possible sheltered occupation
Term
Moderate ID
Definition
IQ 40-54
10% of ID
Outside of institution, but need assistance, sheltered occupation, group home
Term
Severe ID
Definition
IQ 25-39
4% of ID
Other diagnoses, institutional setting, can learn some skills
Term
Profound ID
Definition
IQ below 25
<1%
Multiple probs
Institutionalized, total care
Term
Genetic Causes of ID
Definition
Down's Syndrome
Trisomy-21
1/3 of ID
Often sociable and affectionate
Term
Biological Causes of ID
Definition
Lead, alcohol, nutrition, rubella
Term
Psychosocial Causes of ID
Definition
Deprived environment
Term
Autism Symptoms
Definition
Deficits in social communication and interaction. Restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests. Often also ID
Term
Autism Spectrum
Definition
Variety of problems. Variety of severity
Term
Autism Course
Definition
Onset before age 3
Problems are gradual
Lack of development
Loss of previous development
Usually preschool diagnosis
Term
Epidemiology of autism
Definition
4-5 times more common in males
chromosomal abnormalities in 10-15%
Heritability 45%
Term
Causes of Autism
Definition
Biological: early cell overgrowth, decreased function in empathy area, inter hemispheric weak,
Term
Treatment of autism
Definition
Behavior: What can and can't do
Gentle Teaching: Quality of life
Psychopharmacology: Antipsychotic, antidepressant, effective??
Term
Sensory integration therapy autism
Definition
Increase comfort with certain kinds of stimulation
Term
Symptoms of AD/HD
Definition
Inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity
Before age 12
Symptoms present in two settings or more
Term
Types of AD/HD
Definition
Predominately inattentive
Predominately hyperactive-impulsive
Combined
Term
Inattention in AD/HD
Definition
Difficulty with: Details, sustained, listening, instructions, follow through, organizing, mental effort, forgetful
Term
Hyperactivity in AD/HD
Definition
Fidget, squirm, restless, noisy, talkative, on the go,
Term
Impulsivity in AD/HD
Definition
Blurts, impatient, interrupts, intrudes
Term
Epidemiology of AD/HD
Definition
3-9% school age
Males more than females
Term
course of AD/HD
Definition
Toddler, disappear with adulthood, increased risk for other disorder.
Family members
Term
Causes of AD/HD
Definition
Heritability 75%
Environment
Decreased size of posterior cerebellum 15%
Term
Treatments for AD/HD
Definition
Stimulants, no long term benefits
Antidepressents
Guanfacine
Lithium mood stabilizer
Environmental manipulation
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Mindfulness therapy
Term
types of Abuse
Definition
Physical, Sexual, Emotional, Emotional Neglect
Term
Effects of Abuse
Definition
Decreased intelligence
Increased behavior disorders
Early: Changes in brain structure
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