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Chemistry Chapter 8 and 9
n/a
26
Chemistry
11th Grade
12/28/2012

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Term
Binary
Definition
A compund that contains only two different elements.  
Term
Binary Ionic Compounds
Definition
A compound which contains a metallic cation and a nonmetallic anion and only contains two different elements. 
Term
Crystal Lattice
Definition
A three-dimensional geometric arrangement of particles.  Each positive ion is surrounded by negative ions and each negative ion is surrounded by positive ions.   Tha atoms are localized and not malleable. 
Term
Physical properties
Definition
Melting point, boiling point, and hardness are all _____________ which depend on how strongly the particles are attracted to each other. 
Term
Electrolyte
Definition
An ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current. 
Term
Endothermic
Definition
When energy is absorbed during a chemical reaction. 
Term
Exothermic
Definition
When energy is released during a chemical reaction. 
Term
Lattice Energy
Definition
The amount of energy that is required to separate one mole of the ions of an ionic compound. 
Term
Formula Unit
Definition
The simplest ratios of the ions represented in an ionic compound. 
Term
Monatomic Ion
Definition
A one-atom Ion.  Example: Mg2
Term
Oxidation Number
Definition
The charge of a monatomic ion. 
Term
Polyatomic Ions
Definition
Ions made up of more than one atom. 
Term
Oxyanion
Definition
A polyatomic ion composed of an element, usually a nonmetal, bonded to one or more oxygen atoms.  
Term
Electron Sea Model
Definition
Model that proposes that all the metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a sea of electrons. 
Term
Delocalized Electrons
Definition
Electrons that are free to move
Term
Metallic Bond
Definition
The attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons. 
Term
Alloy
Definition
A mixture of elements that has metallic properties. 
Term
Substitutional Alloys
Definition
Alloy that has atoms of the original metalic solid replaced by other metal atoms of similar size.  Examples: sterling silver (When copper replaces the silver atoms in the original metallic crystal).  
Term
Interstitial Alloys
Definition
Alloys that are formed when the small holes in a metallic crystal are filled with smaller atoms.  Example:  Carbon Steel (holes in the iron crystals are filled with carbon atoms, and the physical properties of iron are changed).
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
A chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons. Generally occurs when elements are relatively close to eachother on the periodic table. 
Term
Diatomic Molecules
Definition

F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, H2, N2, O2 

Are examples of ________ molecules. 

Term
Lone Pairs
Definition
Unshared Pairs of electrons in a covalent bond. 
Term
Sigma bonds
Definition
Another name for single covalent bonds. 
Term
The Pi Bond
Definition
A bond formed when parallel orbitals overlap to share electrons.  The shared electrons of a pi bond occupies the space above and below the line that represents where the two atoms are joined. 
Term
Bond length
Definition
The distance between the two bonding nuclei at the position of maximum attraction. 
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