Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chemistry Chapter 9
scholar homeworks, owl questions for chapter 9
35
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
02/16/2012

Additional Chemistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The rates of chemical reactions can be manipulated by
Definition
- Changing the chemical reactions
- Changing the temperature of the reaction
- Introducing catalysts
Term
The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is accomplished because...
Definition
- added KI to the mixture in the cylinder which catalyzed the reaction.
- used concentrated (30%) reagent grade H2O2 instead of the 3% solution you buy in brown bottles in the grocery store.
Term
According to kinetic molecular theory, reactions occur more rapidly at higher temperatures because
Definition
- molecules move faster at higher temperatures.
- molecules collide more frequently at higher temperatures.
- molecules have more energy at higher temperatures.
Term
Water has an unusually ______ heat capacity for a molecule of it's size
Definition
large
Term
Kinetic Molecule theory: reactions occur more rapidly at higher temperatures because...
Definition
molecules: move faster at higher temperatures, collide more frequently at higher temperatures, have more energy at higher temperatures
Term
energy is most conveniently delievered
Definition
electrically
Term
the rate of energy output or input is
Definition
power
Term
the amount of heat necessary to change a given amount of a substance by 1 degree C is known as...
Definition
heat capacity
Term
Water has an unusually ________ heat capacity for a molecule of its size.
Definition
large
Term
silver has a _______ heat capacity than water
Definition
lower
Term
process or reaction that releases energy from the system usually in the form of heat, light, electricity or sound.
Definition
exothermic
Term
process or reaction in which the system absorbs energy form the surroundings in the form of heat
Definition
endothermic
Term
What can bind to hemoglobin in place of oxygen causing the heart and respiratory system to work harder?
Definition
CO
Term
What energy unit is used for nutritional measurements?
Definition
Calorie
Term
Are there cleaner fuel options than fossil fuels?
Definition
yes: solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal
Term
What uses a heliostat to focus the sun's energy and is considered to be a hybrid solar technology?
Definition
dish engine
Term
What is the most common type of semiconductor found in photovoltaic cells?
Definition
silicon
Term
another name for the Kelvin temperature
Definition
the absolute scale
Term
the SI unit of energy is the...
Definition
joule
Term
The solar energy absorbing molecules of plants that power photosynthesis are called...
Definition
chlorophylls
Term
Watt unit
Definition
1 joule/s
Term
a watt is
Definition
a unit of power
Term
What will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
Definition
raising the temp
increasing the concentration of the reactants
adding a catalyst
Term
Which physical state has the greatest entropy?
Definition
gas
Term
the pollutants of burning natural gas are..
Definition
nitrogen oxides
Term
the freezing of water is... endothermic/exothermic
Definition
exothermic because it gathers cold and releases heat enabling the water to freeze.
Term
recycling aluminum beverage cans is an economically and energetically reasonable activity, but also an example of the fact that...
Definition
decreasing entropy is a nonspontaneous process.
Term
moving heat from a colder space to a hotter space
Definition
the first law of thermodynamic
Term
organizing temperature gradients
Definition
the second law of thermodynamics
Term
examples of increasing entropy
Definition
water boiling
a child scattering toys around the room
Term
an endothermic system must cause a ______ in energy for the system's surroundings
Definition
loss
Term
a system that produces order must only proceed with a corresponding ____ of order for its surroundings
Definition
loss
Term
Who derived an equation describing this competition or balance between entropy and enthalpy?
Definition
Gibbs
Term
The third law of thermodynamics
Definition
you can never attain absolute zero
Term
the presence of H2O2 on an open wound prevents infection from...
Definition
anaerobic bacteria
Supporting users have an ad free experience!