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| Law of Conservation of Matter |
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Definition
| Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, only changed. |
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Definition
1.) All matter is made up of atoms.
2.) Atoms are indestructible and cannot be divided into smaller particles.
3.) All atoms of one element are exactly alike but they are different from atoms of other elements. |
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| A fact of nature that is observed so often that is becomes accepted as the truth. |
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| Positively charged particles in the nucleus. |
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| Negatively charged particles orbiting outside of the nucleus. |
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| Particles with no charge in the nucleus. |
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| The # of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. |
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| The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. |
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Term
| In the visible light spectrum, does red light or blue light have more energy? |
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Definition
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| Do electrons in a higher or lower energy level have more energy? |
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Definition
| Electrons in the higher energy level have more energy. |
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| The mass of a proton is about equal to the mass of what? |
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| The mass of an electron is ______ than the mass of a proton. |
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Definition
| the mass of an electron is LESS than the mass of a proton. |
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| Proust's theory states that atoms have _____ masses. |
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Definition
| Proust's theory states that atoms have CONSTANT masses. |
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Term
| Millikan devised an experiment to determine the charge of a(n)____. |
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Definition
| Millikan devised an experiment to determine the charge of an electron. |
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| The difference in mass of isotopes of the same element is due t the different number of _____ in the nucleus. |
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Definition
| The difference in mass of isotopes of the same element is due t the different number of NEUTRONS in the nucleus. |
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| The isotope _____ is used as the relative mass standard for the atomic mass scale. |
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Definition
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| The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus and its represented by the symbol ____. |
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Definition
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| To find the number of neutrons in an atom you must ______. |
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Definition
| subtract the number of protons from the mass number. |
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| The ancient Greeks believed that matter is made of four basic elements________. |
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Definition
| earth, fire, air, and water |
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| The man who proved the first modern atomic theory of matter was________. |
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| The law of definite proportions says that composition of a compound is _______. |
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Definition
| The law of definite proportions says that composition of a compound is ALWAYS THE SAME. |
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Term
| A prediction that can be tested is known as a _______. |
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Definition
| A prediction that can be tested is known as a HYPOTHESIS. |
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| Isotopes differ from one another in their _____. |
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Definition
| Isotopes differ from one another in their MASS. |
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| The largest portion of the atom is taken up by the ________. |
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Definition
| The largest portion of the atom is taken up by the NUCLEUS. |
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| The mass number of atom is equal to the total number of ____ and _____. |
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Definition
| The mass number of atom is equal to the total number of PROTONS and NEUTRONS. |
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| Scientists use the symbol ____ to represent the atomic mass unit. |
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| Which two of the three statements that make up the atomic theory are no longer regarded as true? |
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Definition
1.) Atoms are indestructible and cannot divide into smaller particles.
2.) All atoms of the same element are identical. |
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| Could two isotopes of an element have different numbers of protons? |
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Definition
| No, two isotopes of one element can only differ in their neutrons. |
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Definition
| Unit of frequency of a wave |
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| positively charged center of an atom. |
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| Suggested that electrons orbit the atom's nucleus. |
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| Light released from excited atoms. |
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| Represents valence electrons. |
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| Electromagnetic energy with the highest frequency. |
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| electromagnetic radiation with the lowest energy. |
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| found in the outermost energy level. |
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| what waves have energy just less than that of visible light? |
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| The form of electromagnetic energy with the shortest wavelength |
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Definition
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| Electromagnetic energy with the longest wavelength |
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| electromagnetic energy with a frequency just less than that of gamma rays |
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Definition
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| because electrons are traveling so fast, why do they not fly away from the atom? |
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Definition
| because they're attracted to the protons of the nucleus. |
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| Why do you suppose that an energy level close to the nucleus can hold fewer electrons than one father away from the nucleus? |
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Definition
| energy levels closer to the nucleus have less energy. |
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Definition
| atoms of an element that are exactly alike chemically, but slightly differ in mass. |
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Term
| What did Lavoisier observe? |
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Definition
| He observed that the mass of the reactants before a chemical reaction was the same after the reaction. |
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Term
| Why is the electron cloud referred to as an electron cloud? |
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Definition
| because the spherical shape of that region resembles a cloud. |
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| Why are valence electrons important? |
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Definition
| because they relate directly to the chemical and physical properties of an element. They determine how the element will react with other elements. |
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| philosopher who came up with the geocentric theory. |
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Definition
| everything revolves around the earth. |
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| Polish astronomer that said the earth wasn't the center of the universe. |
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| the sun is the center of the universe, not the earth. |
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| believed in experimenting and recording observations. |
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| known as the "father of modern philosophy" who used scientific method. |
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| collected data to try and prove Copernicus wrong. |
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| he tried to prove Copernicus wrong but found his ideas to be right. He then studied planetary motion and orbits. |
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| Italian astronomer who used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory. He wasn't very well liked by the public. |
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| Agreed with Galileo's ideas. He made the 3 laws of motion. |
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| invented first air pump that could create a vacuum. This led to the invention of the piston. |
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| invented the modern mercury thermometer and the Fahrenheit scale. |
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| built the first pendulum clock. |
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| studied science, magic, and philosophy. The came up with the 4 elements: fire, earth, air, water. |
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| turned alchemy into chemistry and determined the difference between compounds and elements. |
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| disproved that water was an element. he said that water was a compound. |
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| figured out that oxygen is necessary for combustion. He also made a classification system for the elements. |
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| explain the compass and that the earth is a magnet. He also came up with the word "electric" |
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| He invented the lightning rod after he experimented with lightning. |
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| he realized that diseases could be treated with minerals. |
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| studied anatomy on corpses and wrote a book correctly describing the anatomy of a person. |
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| discovered function of the hearth and the circulatory system. |
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| built microscopes and looked at and bacteria. |
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| 17th and 18th century, used science to explain the world. |
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the awesomest person in the world. and she is the coolest person i know! she rocks!!
~tiña |
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