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Chemistry Chapter 14
Chemical Equilibrium
35
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
03/28/2012

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Term

 

 

larger K creates more reactants/products?

 

Definition

 

 

more products

Term

 

 

static/dynamic with equilibrium

Definition

 

when @ equilib appears to be static (stationary) however it is dynamic (in constant motion)

 

microscopically dynamic

macroscopyicall static

Term

 

 

INC in [ ] affect on K

Definition

 

 

INC K

(equilibrium wants to form products)

Term

 

 

rate k1 compared k-1 at the beginning

Definition

 

k1 very high when compared to the revers b/c 

HIGHER [ ] of forward reactants 

LOWER [ ] of reverse reactants-start at 0

Term

 

 

Laww of Mass Action

Definition

 

 

ratio of products produced to unreactant reactants for any given reversible rxn remains constant under constant condicitions of P and TEMP

Term

 

 

Keq > 1

Definition

 

 

equilibrium lies to the right

-products dominate

Term

 

 

Keq < 1

Definition

 

 

equilib lies to left 

reactants dominat

Term

 

 

Keq = 1

Definition

 

 

= [p] /[r]

therefore

[p] = [r]

Term

 

 

If you multipy each of the coefficients by the same factor.......

Definition

 

 

must raise keq to the same power 

Term

 

 

If you devide coefficients by the same factor.....

Definition

 

 

must take corresponding root of Keq

Term

 

 

When combine the individual equalibriums together.....

Definition

 

 

take the product of the equilibrium constants to obtain the overall keq

 

keq = keq1 * keq2

Term

 

 

Heterogeneous Equilib

Definition

 

 

(s) and (l) involved in the equation

 

not involved in Keq (amount can change, but amount of it in solutuion doesnt-b/c no in solution)

Term

  

 

*equlib mix may have diff amounts of reactants and products but value of equilib K will always be the same

Definition

 

 

-equilib K is independent of the initial amounts of reactants and products

Term

 

 

Difference btwn Keq and Qc

Definition

 

 

reaction quotient Q has same form as equilib but uses [ ] not necessarily equal to those @ equilib

Term

 

Kc > Q

Definition

 

 

-reaction proceeds to the right

-smaller # of reactants

 

(numerator must INC; more products must be produced)

Term

 

 

Kc < Q

Definition

 

 

-rxn proceeds to left

-smaller # of products

 

denominator must INC; more reactants must be produced

Term

 

 

Approximation

Definition

 

 

when Kc small-position favors reactans

 

w/ relatively lagre [ ] or products the reactant [ ] will not change significantly when reaches equilib

Term

 

 

Le Chatelier's Principle

Definition

 

 

-when a system in a chemical equilib is disturbed by a change of temp, pressure, or [ ] the equilib will shift in a sway that tends to counteract this

Term

 

 

INC [ ] of reactants....

Definition

  (Q < K)

 

shift to the right

Term

 

 

INC [ ] products....

Definition

 

 

(Q> K)

 

rxn shift to the left

Term

 

 

DEC [ ] reactants

Definition

 

 

(Q > K )

shift to the left

Term

 

 

DEC [ ] products

Definition

 

(Q < K)

 

rxn shift to the left

Term

 

 

DEC volume

Definition

 

 

rxn shift to side that has FEWER moles of gas

Term

 

 

INC pressure

Definition

 

 

cause rxn to shift in direction that has fewer moles

Term

 

 

INC volume

Definition

 

 

shift towards MORE molecs

Term

 

 

DEC pressure

Definition

 

 

rxn shift to  GREATER moles

Term

 

 

RXN that has equl # of moles inc/dec p or volume

Definition

 

 

no effect

Term

 

 

Adding inert gas to rxn at fixed volumer/pressure

Definition

 

 

no effect on equilib

Term

 

 

EXO - inc in temp

Definition

 

 

causes rxn to shift left

 

value of K drops

Term

 

 

EXO dec in temp

Definition

 

 

rxn to shift to the right

 

value of K drops

Term

 

 

ENDO inc in temp

Definition

 

 

rxn to shift right

 

(INC equilib constant)

Term

 

 

ENDO dec in temp

Definition

 

 

rxn to shift left

 

equillib constant DEC

Term

 

 

k < 10-3

Definition

 

 

little product would be formed

Term

 

 

10-3 < k < 103

Definition

 

 

rxn would leave significant amonts of reactant @ equilib

Term

 

 

 

Definition
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