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Chemical signals in animals
Animals!!!
39
Biology
Undergraduate 2
04/10/2015

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Cards

Term
What are two main ways we signal in our body?
Definition
Nervous and Endocrine system
Term
What are molecules?
Definition
Chemical languages that we can interpret
Term
What is a pheromone?
Definition

signal outside of the body

A small often colatile chemical signal that functions in communications between animals

Term
What is a periplonone?
Definition
Pheromone emiited by female American cockroaches
Term
What is the human pheromone called?
Definition
Vomeronasal organ
Term
What is the chemical signal that functions in communication between animals?
Definition
Pheromone
Term
What test did UC Berkley do to try and test pheromones?
Definition
Sweat test
Term
What is believed to evolve to chemically sense people?
Definition
Kissing
Term
What do the volatile compounds in our mouth tell us?
Definition
About health
Term

IClicker question: It is said that two humans can be attracted to each other because they have the "right chemistry"?

A)"chemistry" is generally predictable

B)Predicatable about half of the time

C)very unpredicable

Definition
Half the time, or rarely
Term

Of the following, which do yu think might be the best predictor of "chemistry"?

A)Facial features similar to your or facial features like one of your parents

B)simialar interest to yours

C)similar volatile chemicals or attractive chemicals

D)quality of mouth kissing

Definition
No answer given
Term
What chemical signals are on the inside of organisms?
Definition
Endocrine system and Nervous system
Term
What is endocrine system
Definition
hormone system
Term
What is a hormone?
Definition
Chemical signal secreted into body fluids
Term
What are hormones usually in?
Definition
Blood
Term
How effective are hormones? (time wise)
Definition
minute amounts
Term
How many nanomoles poer liter are in plasma testosterone?
Definition
1.3-2.3 nanomoles per liter
Term
How many millimoles are in the plasma glucose?
Definition
5 millimoles per liter
Term
How many glucose milecules for every one testosterone?
Definition
2 to 4 million glucose for every one testosterone
Term
What is glucose?
Definition
energy source for the cell
Term
How dilute is 1/3 nmoles per liter?
Definition
Ratio of water to testosterone molecules is 43 billion to one
Term
What is 43 billion?
Definition
43 billion sq ft in a square 40 by 40 miles
Term
What are amino acid derived hormones?
Definition

single smino acids

peptides

proteins

glycoproteins

Term
What are steroid (lipid soluble) hormones?
Definition

Made from cholesterol

include sex hormones

Term
What are the two ways hormones target specific cells?
Definition
Term
What is a surface receptor?
Definition
Chemical signal binding ot receptor on plasma membrane
Term
What is an Internal receptor?
Definition
Chemical signal binding to receptor cell
Term
What does steroid bind to?
Definition
internal receptor
Term
What are two examples of hormone action?
Definition

Glucose homeostasis

Stress and adrenal gland

Term
What is homeostasis?
Definition
THe steady-state physiological condition of the body
Term
What is normal glucose level?
Definition
5 millimoles per liter
Term
What is glucose homeostasis?
Definition

Homeostasis: The steady-state physilogical condition of the body

Glucose: energy in the cell

Term
What motitors glucose levels?
Definition
beta cells in the pancrease
Term
What do beta cells release into the blood to regulate glucose levels?
Definition
insulin
Term
What does insulin do?
Definition
gets into the blood stream, targets body cells, and goes to liver,and takes up glucose
Term
What happens if you need to increase blood glucose?
Definition
glucagon stimulates the liver to break down glycogen releasing glucose
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